Wheat trade by country

Russia was the largest net exporter of wheat in 2024, selling 32.7 Mt more than it bought; Egypt was the largest net importer, buying 13.1 Mt more than it sold.

Source: FAOSTAT (FAO)2024Updated 24 Oct 2026

Commodity

Measure

Year

201520172019202020222024

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Exports minus imports, million tonnes, 2024

10 Mt+5–10 Mt0.5–5 Mt±0.5 Mt0.5–5 Mt5–10 Mt10 Mt+

← Net exporterNet importer →

No figureNot yet reported

Largest flows, 2023

Borders show who controls an area in practice, as drawn by Natural Earth. Disputed borders are dashed. Borders shown do not imply endorsement. How we treat borders

Wheat trade · 2024

World

World exports, countries reporting203 Mt0.6% more than in 2023 (202 Mt)

Largest net exporters

32.7 Mt
25.5 Mt
20.7 Mt
19.7 Mt
19.4 Mt

Largest net importers

13.1 Mt
12.1 Mt
11.0 Mt
9.3 Mt
7.4 Mt

Net trade is exports minus imports, as each country reports them to FAOSTAT; one country’s exports and its partners’ imports often differ. Flows on the map are the largest in 2023, as importers report them.

Source: FAOSTAT (FAO)2015–2024Updated 24 Oct 2026

Summary

Countries reported exporting 203 Mt of wheat in 2024, 0.6% more than in 2023. The largest net exporters: Russia 32.7 Mt, Canada 25.5 Mt and Ukraine 20.7 Mt. The largest net importers: Egypt 13.1 Mt, Indonesia 12.1 Mt and China 11.0 Mt.

183 countries and territories have a figure for 2024. 2 more reported a figure for one of the two years before but not yet for 2024; they are hatched on the map. Net trade is exports minus imports, as each country reports them to FAOSTAT; one country’s exports and its partners’ imports often differ. Flows on the map are the largest in 2023, as importers report them.

Source: FAOSTAT (FAO)2024Updated 24 Oct 2026

Countries and territories with data

Exports, imports and net trade in million tonnes (Mt) or tonnes (t), for every country with a figure for 2024, with 2023’s net trade for comparison. e: FAOSTAT’s own estimate or imputation.

Russia¹	32.7 Mt	18,000 t	32.7 Mt net exports	33.9 Mt net exports
Canada	25.5 Mt	90,000 t	25.5 Mt net exportse	25.5 Mt net exports
Ukraine	20.7 Mt	1,000 t	20.7 Mt net exports	16.1 Mt net exports
Australia	19.7 Mt	36 t	19.7 Mt net exports	29.3 Mt net exports
United States	21.8 Mt	2.4 Mt	19.4 Mt net exports	15.5 Mt net exports
France	15.1 Mt	189,000 t	14.9 Mt net exports	13.3 Mt net exports
Argentina	6.7 Mt	10 t	6.7 Mt net exports	2.8 Mt net exports
Romania	7.5 Mt	980,000 t	6.5 Mt net exports	7.3 Mt net exports
Bulgaria	5.0 Mt	100,000 t	4.9 Mt net exports	6.3 Mt net exports
Poland	5.0 Mt	571,000 t	4.5 Mt net exports	6.1 Mt net exports
Kazakhstan	5.9 Mt	1.7 Mt	4.3 Mt net exports	4.6 Mt net exports
Lithuania	3.6 Mt	47,000 t	3.5 Mt net exports	3.4 Mt net exports
Hungary	3.6 Mt	153,000 t	3.4 Mt net exports	2.6 Mt net exports
Czechia	3.2 Mt	123,000 t	3.0 Mt net exports	2.5 Mt net exports
Latvia	2.6 Mt	602,000 t	2.0 Mt net exports	1.5 Mt net exports
Uruguay	1.6 Mt	2,000 t	1.6 Mt net exports	819,000 t net exports
Slovakia	1.5 Mt	39,000 t	1.5 Mt net exports	1.6 Mt net exports
Serbia	1.2 Mt	2,000 t	1.2 Mt net exportse	673,000 t net exports
Moldova	980,000 t	1,000 t	979,000 t net exports	1.1 Mt net exports
Germany	7.0 Mt	6.1 Mt	923,000 t net exports	1.6 Mt net exports
Paraguay	546,000 t	29 t	546,000 t net exports	247,000 t net exports
Estonia	543,000 t	19,000 t	524,000 t net exports	554,000 t net exports
Croatia	500,000 t	130,000 t	370,000 t net exports	349,000 t net exports
Sweden	324,000 t	131,000 t	193,000 t net exports	231,000 t net exports
Denmark	427,000 t	274,000 t	154,000 t net exports	326,000 t net exports
Finland	56,000 t	5,000 t	51,000 t net exports	48,000 t net exports
Nauru	32,000 t	–	32,000 t net exports	996 t net imports
French Polynesia	5,000 t	12 t	5,000 t net exports	2,000 t net imports
Laos	34 t	–	34 t net exports	744 t net imports
Palestine	14 t	–	14 t net exports	244 t net imports
Tonga	0 t	0 t	0 t net imports	0 t net imports
Marshall Islands	0 t	0 t	0 t net imports	0 t net exports
Vanuatu	0 t	0 t	0 t net imports	0 t net imports
Antigua and Barbuda	0 t	0 t	0 t net imports	0 t net imports
Sierra Leone	0 t	1 t	1 t net imports	–
Samoa	0 t	2 t	2 t net imports	3 t net imports
Maldives	0 t	4 t	4 t net imports	4 t net imports
Brunei	0 t	5 t	5 t net imports	9 t net imports
Niger	0 t	6 t	6 t net imports	0 t net imports
Saint Kitts and Nevis	0 t	44 t	44 t net imports	–
Central African Republic	0 t	80 t	80 t net imports	–
Seychelles	0 t	110 t	110 t net imports	121 t net imports
Bahamas	0 t	223 t	223 t net imports	2 t net imports
Bhutan	0 t	1,000 t	1,000 t net imports	1,000 t net imports
Hong Kong	0 t	3,000 t	3,000 t net imports	6,000 t net imports
Somalia	0 t	5,000 t	5,000 t net imports	2,000 t net imports
Malta	45,000 t	50,000 t	5,000 t net imports	13,000 t net imports
Syria	43,000 t	50,000 t	6,000 t net importse	22,000 t net imports
Saint Lucia	0 t	9,000 t	9,000 t net imports	6,000 t net imports
Montenegro	77 t	13,000 t	12,000 t net imports	10,000 t net imports
Belize	0 t	13,000 t	13,000 t net imports	25,000 t net imports
Faroe Islands	0 t	14,000 t	14,000 t net imports	14,000 t net imports
Barbados	0 t	15,000 t	15,000 t net imports	15,000 t net imports
Ethiopia	0 t	15,000 t	15,000 t net imports	567,000 t net imports
Solomon Islands	0 t	16,000 t	16,000 t net imports	15,000 t net imports
Grenada	0 t	17,000 t	17,000 t net importse	34,000 t net imports
Cabo Verde	0 t	20,000 t	20,000 t net imports	20,000 t net imports
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0 t	22,000 t	22,000 t net imports	29,000 t net imports
Suriname	0 t	22,000 t	22,000 t net imports	22,000 t net imports
New Caledonia	0 t	25,000 t	25,000 t net imports	28,000 t net imports
Bolivia	0 t	25,000 t	25,000 t net importse	71,000 t net imports
South Sudan	0 t	28,000 t	28,000 t net imports	–
Chad	0 t	30,000 t	30,000 t net importse	30,000 t net imports
Iran	5 t	34,000 t	34,000 t net imports	3.5 Mt net imports
North Macedonia	28,000 t	64,000 t	36,000 t net imports	58,000 t net imports
Eritrea	0 t	40,000 t	40,000 t net importse	40,000 t net imports
Liberia	0 t	41,000 t	41,000 t net imports	15 t net imports
Cambodia	0 t	42,000 t	42,000 t net imports	19,000 t net imports
Turkmenistan	0 t	42,000 t	42,000 t net imports	540,000 t net imports
Cyprus	76 t	43,000 t	43,000 t net imports	50,000 t net imports
India	72,000 t	116,000 t	44,000 t net imports	73,000 t net exports
Iceland	5 t	47,000 t	47,000 t net imports	38,000 t net imports
Slovenia	394,000 t	445,000 t	51,000 t net imports	182,000 t net imports
Guyana	0 t	51,000 t	51,000 t net imports	39,000 t net imports
Lesotho	140 t	64,000 t	64,000 t net imports	52,000 t net imports
Burundi	0 t	65,000 t	65,000 t net imports	50,000 t net imports
Eswatini	0 t	66,000 t	66,000 t net imports	47,000 t net imports
Nepal	0 t	75,000 t	75,000 t net imports	157,000 t net imports
Mongolia	0 t	88,000 t	88,000 t net imports	48,000 t net imports
Sudan	0 t	94,000 t	94,000 t net imports	332,000 t net imports
Trinidad and Tobago	0 t	97,000 t	97,000 t net imports	103,000 t net imports
Rwanda	1 t	100,000 t	100,000 t net importse	185,000 t net imports
Djibouti	0 t	102,000 t	102,000 t net imports	36,000 t net imports
Qatar	0 t	103,000 t	103,000 t net imports	21,000 t net imports
Gambia	40 t	104,000 t	104,000 t net imports	37,000 t net imports
Gabon	0 t	106,000 t	106,000 t net imports	124,000 t net imports
Botswana	1,000 t	129,000 t	127,000 t net importse	125,000 t net imports
Luxembourg	22,000 t	152,000 t	130,000 t net imports	119,000 t net imports
Belarus	71 t	130,000 t	130,000 t net importse	128,000 t net imports
Bahrain	0 t	136,000 t	136,000 t net imports	88,000 t net imports
Madagascar	0 t	137,000 t	137,000 t net imports	161,000 t net imports
Malawi	0 t	137,000 t	137,000 t net imports	114,000 t net imports
Mauritius	0 t	150,000 t	150,000 t net imports	152,000 t net imports
Namibia	68 t	153,000 t	153,000 t net imports	137,000 t net imports
Panama	0 t	153,000 t	153,000 t net imports	130,000 t net imports
Togo	870 t	157,000 t	157,000 t net imports	188,000 t net imports
Benin	0 t	164,000 t	164,000 t net imports	107,000 t net imports
Zambia	1,000 t	172,000 t	171,000 t net imports	59,000 t net imports
Jamaica	0 t	177,000 t	177,000 t net imports	179,000 t net imports
Libya	0 t	184,000 t	184,000 t net imports	164,000 t net imports
Singapore	29 t	189,000 t	189,000 t net imports	202,000 t net imports
Albania	0 t	200,000 t	200,000 t net imports	190,000 t net imports
Fiji	0 t	204,000 t	204,000 t net imports	149,000 t net imports
Cuba	0 t	205,000 t	205,000 t net imports	282,000 t net imports
Republic of the Congo	0 t	217,000 t	217,000 t net imports	192,000 t net imports
Bosnia and Herzegovina	24,000 t	275,000 t	251,000 t net imports	199,000 t net imports
Kyrgyzstan	396 t	251,000 t	251,000 t net imports	371,000 t net imports
El Salvador	3,000 t	262,000 t	259,000 t net imports	319,000 t net imports
Honduras	2,000 t	272,000 t	270,000 t net imports	268,000 t net imports
Afghanistan	3,000 t	274,000 t	272,000 t net imports	483,000 t net imports
Papua New Guinea	0 t	280,000 t	280,000 t net imports	275,000 t net imports
Mali	175 t	285,000 t	285,000 t net imports	365,000 t net imports
Haiti	0 t	290,000 t	290,000 t net imports	302,000 t net imports
Costa Rica	0 t	293,000 t	293,000 t net imports	266,000 t net imports
Zimbabwe	64 t	312,000 t	312,000 t net imports	258,000 t net imports
Burkina Faso	1,000 t	315,000 t	314,000 t net imports	265,000 t net imports
Armenia	0 t	316,000 t	316,000 t net imports	338,000 t net imports
Myanmar	0 t	318,000 t	318,000 t net imports	371,000 t net imports
Georgia	0 t	327,000 t	327,000 t net imports	222,000 t net imports
Greece	777,000 t	1.1 Mt	351,000 t net imports	581,000 t net imports
Austria	819,000 t	1.2 Mt	354,000 t net imports	497,000 t net imports
Switzerland	5,000 t	406,000 t	402,000 t net importse	416,000 t net imports
Guinea	0 t	415,000 t	415,000 t net imports	458,000 t net imports
Democratic Republic of the Congo	0 t	443,000 t	443,000 t net imports	378,000 t net imports
Norway	64 t	447,000 t	447,000 t net imports	282,000 t net imports
Angola	3 t	455,000 t	455,000 t net imports	627,000 t net imports
Lebanon	24,000 t	496,000 t	472,000 t net importse	457,000 t net imports
Kuwait	0 t	498,000 t	498,000 t net imports	474,000 t net imports
Ireland	46,000 t	564,000 t	519,000 t net imports	320,000 t net imports
Jordan	13 t	558,000 t	558,000 t net imports	513,000 t net imports
Ghana	3 t	585,000 t	585,000 t net imports	339,000 t net imports
New Zealand	146 t	591,000 t	591,000 t net imports	687,000 t net imports
Mozambique	3,000 t	683,000 t	681,000 t net imports	750,000 t net imports
Guatemala	1,000 t	721,000 t	720,000 t net imports	650,000 t net imports
Côte d'Ivoire	2,000 t	723,000 t	721,000 t net imports	706,000 t net imports
Dominican Republic	178 t	760,000 t	759,000 t net imports	620,000 t net imports
Uganda	10 t	778,000 t	778,000 t net imports	781,000 t net imports
Oman	119,000 t	898,000 t	779,000 t net imports	932,000 t net imports
United Arab Emirates	704,000 t	1.5 Mt	796,000 t net importse	1.4 Mt net imports
Venezuela	0 t	837,000 t	837,000 t net imports	775,000 t net imports
Iraq	450 t	873,000 t	873,000 t net imports	1.6 Mt net imports
Senegal	7,000 t	905,000 t	898,000 t net imports	889,000 t net imports
Mauritania	0 t	914,000 t	914,000 t net imports	676,000 t net imports
Chile	14 t	979,000 t	979,000 t net importse	1.0 Mt net imports
Sri Lanka	10,000 t	1.0 Mt	1.0 Mt net imports	779,000 t net imports
Cameroon	80 t	1.0 Mt	1.0 Mt net imports	887,000 t net imports
Tajikistan	0 t	1.1 Mt	1.1 Mt net imports	1.0 Mt net imports
Azerbaijan	0 t	1.3 Mt	1.3 Mt net imports	1.2 Mt net imports
Portugal	16,000 t	1.3 Mt	1.3 Mt net imports	1.5 Mt net imports
Tanzania	276 t	1.3 Mt	1.3 Mt net imports	1.4 Mt net imports
Tunisia	0 t	1.4 Mt	1.4 Mt net imports	2.0 Mt net imports
Taiwan	26 t	1.5 Mt	1.5 Mt net importse	1.3 Mt net imports
South Africa	498,000 t	2.0 Mt	1.5 Mt net importse	1.6 Mt net imports
Ecuador	0 t	1.7 Mt	1.7 Mt net imports	1.4 Mt net imports
Malaysia	2,000 t	1.7 Mt	1.7 Mt net imports	1.6 Mt net imports
Israel	520 t	1.8 Mt	1.8 Mt net importse	1.5 Mt net imports
Colombia	1 t	1.9 Mt	1.9 Mt net imports	1.8 Mt net imports
Peru	135 t	2.1 Mt	2.1 Mt net imports	1.9 Mt net imports
Pakistan	0 t	2.2 Mt	2.2 Mt net imports	2.6 Mt net imports
Yemen	0 t	2.2 Mt	2.2 Mt net imports	1.9 Mt net imports
Kenya	13,000 t	2.3 Mt	2.3 Mt net imports	2.0 Mt net imports
Bangladesh	1 t	2.9 Mt	2.9 Mt net imports	3.0 Mt net imports
United Kingdom	166,000 t	3.1 Mt	2.9 Mt net importse	553,000 t net imports
Saudi Arabia	584 t	3.4 Mt	3.4 Mt net imports	3.4 Mt net imports
Belgium	236,000 t	3.8 Mt	3.6 Mt net imports	3.0 Mt net imports
Brazil	2.8 Mt	6.6 Mt	3.8 Mt net imports	1.8 Mt net imports
Türkiye	1.7 Mt	5.7 Mt	4.0 Mt net imports	10.1 Mt net imports
Thailand	14 t	4.0 Mt	4.0 Mt net imports	3.7 Mt net imports
Mexico	34,000 t	4.3 Mt	4.2 Mt net imports	3.9 Mt net imports
Netherlands	187,000 t	4.6 Mt	4.4 Mt net imports	3.7 Mt net imports
South Korea	0 t	4.6 Mt	4.6 Mt net imports	4.6 Mt net imports
Uzbekistan	23,000 t	4.9 Mt	4.9 Mt net imports	3.3 Mt net imports
Vietnam	4,000 t	4.9 Mt	4.9 Mt net imports	4.8 Mt net imports
Nigeria	78 t	5.0 Mt	5.0 Mt net imports	4.7 Mt net imports
Morocco	92 t	5.1 Mt	5.1 Mt net imports	5.9 Mt net imports
Japan	0 t	5.2 Mt	5.2 Mt net imports	5.0 Mt net imports
Philippines	0 t	6.8 Mt	6.8 Mt net imports	5.5 Mt net imports
Algeria	30 t	6.9 Mt	6.9 Mt net imports	5.8 Mt net imports
Spain	440,000 t	7.9 Mt	7.4 Mt net imports	9.5 Mt net imports
Italy	140,000 t	9.4 Mt	9.3 Mt net imports	8.5 Mt net imports
China	4,000 t	11.0 Mt	11.0 Mt net importse	11.9 Mt net imports
Indonesia	0 t	12.1 Mt	12.1 Mt net imports	10.9 Mt net imports
Egypt	1,000 t	13.1 Mt	13.1 Mt net importse	8.2 Mt net imports

Source: FAOSTAT (FAO)2023 and 2024Updated 24 Oct 2026

Notes

Russia: Russia’s customs service stopped publishing detailed trade figures in 2022, so FAOSTAT’s trade figures for Russia since then may be estimates or incomplete.

Not yet reported

North Korea (2023: 3,000 t net imports); Nicaragua (2023: 147,000 t net imports).

Largest flows, 2023

The 20 largest flows in 2023, exporter to importer, as importers report them.

Russia	Türkiye	9.0 Mt
Australia	China	6.9 Mt
Russia	Egypt	5.5 Mt
Australia	Indonesia	4.3 Mt
Ukraine	Spain	4.1 Mt
Kazakhstan	Uzbekistan	3.3 Mt
United States	Mexico	3.0 Mt
Australia	Vietnam	2.7 Mt
Russia	Kazakhstan	2.6 Mt
Canada	China	2.5 Mt
Ukraine	Türkiye	2.5 Mt
Australia	South Korea	2.4 Mt
Canada	Indonesia	2.4 Mt
Australia	Philippines	2.4 Mt
France	Morocco	2.3 Mt
Argentina	Brazil	2.3 Mt
Czechia	Germany	2.2 Mt
France	Belgium	2.2 Mt
Canada	United States	2.1 Mt
Russia	Pakistan	2.0 Mt

Source: FAOSTAT (FAO)2023Updated 24 Oct 2026

Wheat trade by country

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Countries and territories with data

Notes

Not yet reported

Largest flows, 2023

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