Refugees
21,525refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
38,500from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Ghana
Ghana has 35 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $114 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of its potash supply (FAOSTAT, 2024, estimated).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 35 m (2025)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$114billion69th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population35million47th of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$3,257134th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP0.5% of GDP140th of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person0.6t172nd of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Ghana imports all of its potash supply; it exports oil.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Exporter | Exports 46% of what it producesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025; Ghana → United States from EIA’s US crude oil imports | China, India, United States (buyers) |
| Natural gas | Imports some | Imports 20% of the gas it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | China, Nigeria, United States |
| Wheat | Not reported by this source | – | |
| Maize | Low net trade | Imports 4.1% of the maize it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Argentina, South Africa |
| Rice | Imports some | Imports 35% of the rice it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Vietnam, China |
| Soybeans | Exporter | Exports 31% of what it producesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023 | United States, Togo (buyers) |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Russia, Uzbekistan, Canada |
| Phosphate | Imports most | Imports all of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Morocco, Switzerland, China |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: Singapore, 57% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | Singapore, Japan, South Africa |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: France, 61% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 | France, South Africa, China |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilExporter
Exports 46% of what it produces
Main partners: China, India, United States (buyers)
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025; Ghana → United States from EIA’s US crude oil imports
- Natural gasImports some
Imports 20% of the gas it uses Preliminary
Main partners: China, Nigeria, United States
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- Wheat
Not reported by this source
- MaizeLow net trade
Imports 4.1% of the maize it uses
Main partners: Argentina, South Africa
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceImports some
Imports 35% of the rice it uses Estimate
Main partners: Vietnam, China
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- SoybeansExporter
Exports 31% of what it produces
Main partners: United States, Togo (buyers)
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023
- PotashImports most
Imports all of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: Russia, Uzbekistan, Canada
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- PhosphateImports most
Imports all of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: Morocco, Switzerland, China
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: Singapore, 57% of imports
Main partners: Singapore, Japan, South Africa
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: France, 61% of imports
Main partners: France, South Africa, China
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRI; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Ghana’s economy produced $114 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth6.0%2025 · 31st of 186 · World Bank
Inflation14.2%2025 · 10th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment3.0%2025 · 142nd of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$7.12billion2024 · 83rd of 164 · World Bank
Trade69% of GDP2024 · 106th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$1.91billion2025 · 70th of 200 · World Bank
People
Ghana had 35 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Ghana’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman3.402023 · 47th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age20.92023 · 188th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over3.8%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Climate and hazards
Ghana emitted 21.0 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Ghana’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions21Mt2024 · 87th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person0.6t2024 · 172nd of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 1750427Mt2024 · 107th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress0.12023 · 143rd of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Ghana.
Sanctions
1entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 1
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants
US$10.4billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021
Cyber incidents
2publicly known incidents affecting Ghana, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
52 measures on this site have a recent figure for Ghana.
| GDP | $114 bn | 2025 | 69th of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $3,257 | 2025 | 134th of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 6.0% | 2025 | 31st of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 14.2% | 2025 | 10th of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 49% | 2025 | 109th of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | −1.3% | 2025 | 64th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | 8.1% | 2025 | 24th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 3.0% | 2025 | 142nd of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $7.1 bn | 2024 | 83rd of 164 | World Bank |
| Trade | 69% | 2024 | 106th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $1.9 bn | 2025 | 70th of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 3.6% | 2024 | 58th of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 35 m | 2025 | 47th of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 34 m | 2023 | 46th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 3.40 | 2023 | 47th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 20.9 | 2023 | 188th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 65.5 | 2023 | 208th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 38,500 | 2025 | 51st of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 21,525 | 2025 | 97th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 0.6 | 2025 | 123rd of 176 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 183 kb/d | 2025 | 35th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 103 kb/d | 2024 | 81st of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 52nd of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 4.2 bcm | 2024 | 65th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 24 TWh | 2024 | 77th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 36% | 2024 | 95th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 0% | 2024 | 82nd of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 0.7% | 2024 | 150th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat imports | 0.6 Mt | 2024 | 60th of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 3.8 Mt | 2024 | 33rd of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 0.2 Mt | 2024 | 76th of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 1.2 Mt | 2024 | 31st of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.6 Mt | 2024 | 26th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 0.3 Mt | 2024 | 21st of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 92nd of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.05 Mt | 2024 | 56th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.05 Mt | 2024 | 55th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 21 Mt | 2024 | 87th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 0.6 t | 2024 | 172nd of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 427 Mt | 2024 | 107th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | 31% | 2023 | 46th of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 0.1 | 2023 | 143rd of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 46% | 2023 | 44th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 0.5% | 2025 | 140th of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $507 m | 2025 | 100th of 150 | World Bank |
| Deaths in organised violence | 98 | 2025 | 38th of 61 | UCDP |
| Arms imports | 5 TIV m | 2025 | 91st of 108 | SIPRI |
| People using the internet | 72% | 2024 | 117th of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $131 m | 2024 | 97th of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 1.4% | 2024 | 135th of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 1 | 2026 | 170th of 181 | US CSL |
| Chinese loans and grants committed | $108 m | 2021 | 40th of 122 | AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0 |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, Soybean production, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- UCDP Georeferenced Event DatasetConflict deaths
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Dependencies at a glance
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
- UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure