Refugees
142,040refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
534,326from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Nigeria
Nigeria has 238 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $291 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of its potash supply (FAOSTAT, 2024, estimated).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 238 m (2025)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$291billion49th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population238million6th of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$1,224166th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP0.9% of GDP114th of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person0.6t176th of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Nigeria imports all of its potash supply; it exports oil.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Exporter | Exports 68% of what it producesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025; Nigeria → United States from EIA’s US crude oil imports | India, United States, France (buyers) |
| Natural gas | Exporter | Exports 49% of what it produces PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025 | India, Spain, Portugal (buyers) |
| Wheat | Imports most | Imports 99% of the wheat it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Maize | Low net trade | Imports 1% of the maize it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Rice | Low net trade | Imports 2.3% of the rice it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Soybeans | Exporter | Exports 19% of what it producesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023 | Pakistan, United Arab Emirates, Democratic Republic of the Congo (buyers) |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Canada → Nigeria as reported by the exporter | Canada, Turkmenistan, Germany |
| Phosphate | Imports most | Imports all of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Morocco → Nigeria as reported by the exporter | Morocco, China, Spain |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: China, 29% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | China, Pakistan, Türkiye |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: China, 66% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 | China, Singapore, France |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilExporter
Exports 68% of what it produces
Main partners: India, United States, France (buyers)
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025; Nigeria → United States from EIA’s US crude oil imports
- Natural gasExporter
Exports 49% of what it produces Preliminary
Main partners: India, Spain, Portugal (buyers)
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025
- WheatImports most
Imports 99% of the wheat it uses Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- MaizeLow net trade
Imports 1% of the maize it uses
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceLow net trade
Imports 2.3% of the rice it uses Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- SoybeansExporter
Exports 19% of what it produces
Main partners: Pakistan, United Arab Emirates, Democratic Republic of the Congo (buyers)
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023
- PotashImports most
Imports all of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: Canada, Turkmenistan, Germany
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Canada → Nigeria as reported by the exporter
- PhosphateImports most
Imports all of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: Morocco, China, Spain
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Morocco → Nigeria as reported by the exporter
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: China, 29% of imports
Main partners: China, Pakistan, Türkiye
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: China, 66% of imports
Main partners: China, Singapore, France
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRI; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Nigeria’s economy produced $291 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth4.0%2025 · 71st of 186 · World Bank
Inflation23.0%2025 · 6th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment3.1%2025 · 138th of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$40.4billion2024 · 51st of 164 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$4.01billion2025 · 53rd of 200 · World Bank
People
Nigeria had 238 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Nigeria’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman4.482023 · 16th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age17.82023 · 219th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over3.1%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Technology and space
Satellites owned in Nigeria numbered 5 at the end of 2026.
Climate and hazards
Nigeria emitted 136 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Nigeria’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions136Mt2024 · 36th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person0.6t2024 · 176th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 17504,711Mt2024 · 45th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress0.82023 · 114th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Nigeria.
Sanctions
32entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 25, EU 3 and UK 4
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants
US$15.1billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021
Cyber incidents
7publicly known incidents affecting Nigeria, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
54 measures on this site have a recent figure for Nigeria.
| GDP | $291 bn | 2025 | 49th of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $1,224 | 2025 | 166th of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 4.0% | 2025 | 71st of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 23.0% | 2025 | 6th of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 36% | 2025 | 140th of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | −1.8% | 2025 | 74th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | 4.8% | 2025 | 39th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 3.1% | 2025 | 138th of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $40 bn | 2024 | 51st of 164 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $4.0 bn | 2025 | 53rd of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 8.8% | 2024 | 28th of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 238 m | 2025 | 6th of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 228 m | 2023 | 6th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 4.48 | 2023 | 16th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 17.8 | 2023 | 219th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 54.5 | 2023 | 237th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 534,326 | 2025 | 13th of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 142,040 | 2025 | 51st of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 0.6 | 2025 | 124th of 176 | UNHCR |
| People displaced inside the country | 3.5 m | 2025 | 8th of 38 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 1,605 kb/d | 2025 | 14th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 493 kb/d | 2024 | 33rd of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 19th of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 20.1 bcm | 2024 | 39th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 38 TWh | 2024 | 64th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 25% | 2024 | 114th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 0% | 2024 | 82nd of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 0.3% | 2024 | 165th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 87th of 123 | FAOSTAT |
| Wheat imports | 5.0 Mt | 2024 | 13th of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 11.2 Mt | 2024 | 14th of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 80th of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 6.1 Mt | 2024 | 14th of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 77th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 1.2 Mt | 2024 | 13th of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 57th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.00 Mt | 2024 | 121st of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.13 Mt | 2024 | 32nd of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 136 Mt | 2024 | 36th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 0.6 t | 2024 | 176th of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 4,711 Mt | 2024 | 45th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | 3% | 2023 | 90th of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 0.8 | 2023 | 114th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 23% | 2023 | 69th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 0.9% | 2025 | 114th of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $2.1 bn | 2025 | 62nd of 150 | World Bank |
| Deaths in organised violence | 4,158 | 2025 | 9th of 61 | UCDP |
| Arms imports | 21 TIV m | 2025 | 73rd of 108 | SIPRI |
| Satellites in orbit | 5 | 2026 | 46th of 81 | Orbital data from CelesTrak |
| People using the internet | 41% | 2024 | 153rd of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $184 m | 2024 | 91st of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 4% | 2024 | 99th of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 32 | 2026 | 76th of 181 | US CSL |
| Chinese loans and grants committed | $572 m | 2021 | 20th of 122 | AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0 |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000, Internally displaced
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- UCDP Georeferenced Event DatasetConflict deaths
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Dependencies at a glance
- CelesTrak SATCATSatellites in orbit
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
- UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure