Refugees
873,646refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
621from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
France
France has 69 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $3.37 tn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of its potash supply (FAOSTAT, 2024, estimated) and all of the gas it uses (EIA, 2024, preliminary).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 69 m (2025)
- Member of
- G7, G20, European Union, NATO, OECD, UN Security Council (permanent member) (as of 10 Nov 2026)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$3.37trillion7th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population69million23rd of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$48,98624th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP2.0% of GDP58th of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person4.0t87th of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
France imports all of its potash supply and all of the gas it uses; it exports wheat.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Imports most | Imports 93% of the oil it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2025 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | United States, Kazakhstan, Nigeria |
| Natural gas | Imports most | Imports all of the gas it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Norway → France, United States → France and Belgium → France as reported by the exporter | Norway, United States, Belgium |
| Wheat | Exporter | Exports 56% of what it producesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023 | Morocco, Belgium, Netherlands (buyers) |
| Maize | Exporter | Exports 25% of what it producesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023 | Spain, Netherlands, Belgium (buyers) |
| Rice | Imports most | Imports 92% of the rice it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Italy, Belgium, Cambodia |
| Soybeans | Imports most | Imports 58% of the soybeans it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Brazil, United States, Ukraine |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Germany, Spain, Canada |
| Phosphate | Imports most | Imports 93% of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Morocco, Lithuania, Israel |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: Italy, 39% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | Italy, United Kingdom, United States |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: Taiwan, 32% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 | Taiwan, Germany, Malaysia |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilImports most
Imports 93% of the oil it uses Preliminary
Main partners: United States, Kazakhstan, Nigeria
EIA, use 2025 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- Natural gasImports most
Imports all of the gas it uses Preliminary
Main partners: Norway, United States, Belgium
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Norway → France, United States → France and Belgium → France as reported by the exporter
- WheatExporter
Exports 56% of what it produces
Main partners: Morocco, Belgium, Netherlands (buyers)
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023
- MaizeExporter
Exports 25% of what it produces
Main partners: Spain, Netherlands, Belgium (buyers)
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023
- RiceImports most
Imports 92% of the rice it uses
Main partners: Italy, Belgium, Cambodia
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- SoybeansImports most
Imports 58% of the soybeans it uses
Main partners: Brazil, United States, Ukraine
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- PotashImports most
Imports all of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: Germany, Spain, Canada
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- PhosphateImports most
Imports 93% of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: Morocco, Lithuania, Israel
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: Italy, 39% of imports
Main partners: Italy, United Kingdom, United States
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: Taiwan, 32% of imports
Main partners: Taiwan, Germany, Malaysia
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRI; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
France’s economy produced $3.37 tn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth0.8%2025 · 162nd of 186 · World Bank
Inflation0.9%2025 · 137th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment7.5%2025 · 53rd of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$283billion2024 · 13th of 164 · World Bank
Trade68% of GDP2024 · 108th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$61.1billion2025 · 9th of 200 · World Bank
US Treasury securities held
US Treasury securities heldUS$363bn2026-08; US$389bn a year earlier
Source: US Treasury TIC2026-08Updated 13 Nov 2026
People
France had 69 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
France’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman1.642023 · 145th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age41.82023 · 40th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over23%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Technology and space
Satellites owned in France numbered 130 at the end of 2026.
Climate and hazards
France emitted 264 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
France’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions264Mt2024 · 24th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person4.0t2024 · 87th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 175040,048Mt2024 · 8th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress1.92023 · 73rd of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers France.
Sanctions
43entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 28, EU 6 and UK 9
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Nuclear weapons
290estimated warheads, early 2026
Source: FAS Status of World Nuclear ForcesFAS estimate, as of early 2026Estimate
Cyber incidents
134publicly known incidents affecting France, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
56 measures on this site have a recent figure for France.
| GDP | $3.37 tn | 2025 | 7th of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $48,986 | 2025 | 24th of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 0.8% | 2025 | 162nd of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 0.9% | 2025 | 137th of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 116% | 2025 | 12th of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | −5.1% | 2025 | 153rd of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | −0.4% | 2025 | 80th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 7.5% | 2025 | 53rd of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $283 bn | 2024 | 13th of 164 | World Bank |
| Trade | 68% | 2024 | 108th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $61 bn | 2025 | 9th of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 1.3% | 2024 | 102nd of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 69 m | 2025 | 23rd of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 66 m | 2023 | 23rd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 1.64 | 2023 | 145th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 41.8 | 2023 | 40th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 83.3 | 2023 | 17th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 621 | 2025 | 144th of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 873,646 | 2025 | 15th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 12.7 | 2025 | 54th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 10 kb/d | 2025 | 74th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 1,548 kb/d | 2024 | 14th of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 89th of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 30.9 bcm | 2024 | 28th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 564 TWh | 2024 | 9th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 95% | 2024 | 19th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 0.2% | 2024 | 80th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 13% | 2024 | 60th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat production | 26.6 Mt | 2024 | 8th of 123 | FAOSTAT |
| Wheat imports | 0.2 Mt | 2024 | 92nd of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 14.7 Mt | 2024 | 10th of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 0.4 Mt | 2024 | 55th of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 78th of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.6 Mt | 2024 | 27th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 0.4 Mt | 2024 | 16th of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 0.6 Mt | 2024 | 27th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.39 Mt | 2024 | 15th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.33 Mt | 2024 | 18th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 264 Mt | 2024 | 24th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 4.0 t | 2024 | 87th of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 40,048 Mt | 2024 | 8th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | 51% | 2023 | 29th of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 1.9 | 2023 | 73rd of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 5% | 2023 | 100th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 2.0% | 2025 | 58th of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $68 bn | 2025 | 9th of 150 | World Bank |
| Deaths in organised violence | 3 | 2024 | 52nd of 62 | UCDP |
| Arms imports | 237 TIV m | 2025 | 34th of 108 | SIPRI |
| Arms exports | 3,269 TIV m | 2025 | 2nd of 44 | SIPRI |
| Satellites in orbit | 130 | 2026 | 6th of 81 | Orbital data from CelesTrak |
| Orbital launches | 6 | 2026 | 5th of 9 | Orbital data from CelesTrak |
| Share of documented AI supercomputer power | 1.2% | 2025 | 6th of 36 | Epoch AI |
| People using the internet | 89% | 2024 | 65th of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $27 bn | 2024 | 10th of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 6.7% | 2024 | 83rd of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 43 | 2026 | 60th of 181 | US CSL |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- UCDP Georeferenced Event DatasetConflict deaths
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Arms exports, Dependencies at a glance
- CelesTrak SATCATSatellites in orbit, Orbital launches
- Epoch AIAI compute share
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- FAS Status of World Nuclear ForcesNuclear weapons
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure