Refugees
730,503refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
575from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Canada
Canada has 42 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $2.32 tn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of its phosphate supply (FAOSTAT, 2024, estimated).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 42 m (2025)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$2.32trillion10th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population42million38th of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$55,69821st of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP1.6% of GDP77th of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person13.4t14th of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Canada imports all of its phosphate supply; it exports oil.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Exporter | Exports 59% of what it produces PreliminaryEIA, use 2025 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025; Canada → United States from EIA’s US crude oil imports | United States, China, India (buyers) |
| Natural gas | Exporter | Exports 31% of what it produces PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025 | United States, South Korea, Japan (buyers) |
| Wheat | Exporter | Exports 71% of what it produces EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023 | China, Indonesia, United States (buyers) |
| Maize | Low net trade | Imports 0.2% of the maize it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | United States |
| Rice | Not reported by this source | – | |
| Soybeans | Exporter | Exports 63% of what it producesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023 | Japan, Indonesia, Italy (buyers) |
| Potash | Exporter | Exports exceed recorded supply EstimateGoods passing through, or changes in stocks, can cause this; FAOSTAT’s figures do not show whichFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025 | United States, Brazil, China (buyers) |
| Phosphate | Imports most | Imports all of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | United States, Morocco, Lithuania |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: United States, 32% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | United States, Spain, Australia |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: Taiwan, 23% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 | Taiwan, United States, Malaysia |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilExporter
Exports 59% of what it produces Preliminary
Main partners: United States, China, India (buyers)
EIA, use 2025 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025; Canada → United States from EIA’s US crude oil imports
- Natural gasExporter
Exports 31% of what it produces Preliminary
Main partners: United States, South Korea, Japan (buyers)
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025
- WheatExporter
Exports 71% of what it produces Estimate
Main partners: China, Indonesia, United States (buyers)
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023
- MaizeLow net trade
Imports 0.2% of the maize it uses Estimate
Main partners: United States
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- Rice
Not reported by this source
- SoybeansExporter
Exports 63% of what it produces
Main partners: Japan, Indonesia, Italy (buyers)
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023
- PotashExporter
Exports exceed recorded supply Estimate
Goods passing through, or changes in stocks, can cause this; FAOSTAT’s figures do not show which
Main partners: United States, Brazil, China (buyers)
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025
- PhosphateImports most
Imports all of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: United States, Morocco, Lithuania
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: United States, 32% of imports
Main partners: United States, Spain, Australia
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: Taiwan, 23% of imports
Main partners: Taiwan, United States, Malaysia
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRI; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Canada’s economy produced $2.32 tn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth1.7%2025 · 142nd of 186 · World Bank
Inflation2.1%2025 · 112th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment6.9%2025 · 58th of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$120billion2024 · 23rd of 164 · World Bank
Trade65% of GDP2024 · 110th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$70.1billion2025 · 8th of 200 · World Bank
US Treasury securities held
US Treasury securities heldUS$465bn2026-08; US$444bn a year earlier
Source: US Treasury TIC2026-08Updated 13 Nov 2026
People
Canada had 42 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Canada’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman1.352023 · 205th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age40.32023 · 52nd of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over20%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Technology and space
Satellites owned in Canada numbered 78 at the end of 2026.
AI compute share0.2%2025 · 17th of 36 · Epoch AI
Notable AI models12025 · Epoch AI
Climate and hazards
Canada emitted 533 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Canada’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions533Mt2024 · 11th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person13.4t2024 · 14th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 175035,644Mt2024 · 9th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress1.22023 · 97th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Canada.
Sanctions
48entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 42, EU 4 and UK 2
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Cyber incidents
88publicly known incidents affecting Canada, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
53 measures on this site have a recent figure for Canada.
| GDP | $2.32 tn | 2025 | 10th of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $55,698 | 2025 | 21st of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 1.7% | 2025 | 142nd of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 2.1% | 2025 | 112th of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 114% | 2025 | 14th of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | −1.7% | 2025 | 72nd of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | −0.9% | 2025 | 91st of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 6.9% | 2025 | 58th of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $120 bn | 2024 | 23rd of 164 | World Bank |
| Trade | 65% | 2024 | 110th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $70 bn | 2025 | 8th of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 0.0% | 2024 | 156th of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 42 m | 2025 | 38th of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 39 m | 2023 | 38th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 1.35 | 2023 | 205th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 40.3 | 2023 | 52nd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 82.6 | 2023 | 26th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 575 | 2025 | 145th of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 730,503 | 2025 | 19th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 17.5 | 2025 | 41st of 176 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 4,964 kb/d | 2025 | 4th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 2,518 kb/d | 2024 | 9th of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 5th of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 138.2 bcm | 2024 | 5th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 643 TWh | 2024 | 7th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 77% | 2024 | 40th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 2.6% | 2024 | 66th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 8.7% | 2024 | 83rd of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat production | 35.9 Mt | 2024 | 5th of 123 | FAOSTAT |
| Wheat imports | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 120th of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 15.3 Mt | 2024 | 8th of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 2.4 Mt | 2024 | 22nd of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.5 Mt | 2024 | 32nd of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 7.6 Mt | 2024 | 7th of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 0.3 Mt | 2024 | 34th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.84 Mt | 2024 | 7th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 1.16 Mt | 2024 | 6th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 533 Mt | 2024 | 11th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 13.4 t | 2024 | 14th of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 35,644 Mt | 2024 | 9th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | −4.7% | 2023 | 103rd of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 1.2 | 2023 | 97th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 2% | 2023 | 112th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 1.6% | 2025 | 77th of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $37 bn | 2025 | 16th of 150 | World Bank |
| Arms imports | 83 TIV m | 2025 | 50th of 108 | SIPRI |
| Arms exports | 314 TIV m | 2025 | 14th of 44 | SIPRI |
| Satellites in orbit | 78 | 2026 | 12th of 81 | Orbital data from CelesTrak |
| Share of documented AI supercomputer power | 0.2% | 2025 | 17th of 36 | Epoch AI |
| People using the internet | 94% | 2024 | 33rd of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $24 bn | 2024 | 11th of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 14% | 2024 | 35th of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 48 | 2026 | 54th of 181 | US CSL |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice imports, Soybean production, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Arms exports, Dependencies at a glance
- CelesTrak SATCATSatellites in orbit
- Epoch AIAI compute share
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure