Refugees
13refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
39,889from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Vietnam
Vietnam has 102 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $515 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of its potash supply (FAOSTAT, 2024, estimated) and 64% of the oil it uses (EIA, 2024).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 102 m (2025)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$515billion31st of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population102million16th of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$5,066117th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP2.2% of GDP49th of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person3.7t96th of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Vietnam imports all of its potash supply and 64% of the oil it uses; it exports rice.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Imports most | Imports 64% of the oil it usesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, United States → Vietnam, Angola → Vietnam and Australia → Vietnam as reported by the exporter | United States, Angola, Australia |
| Natural gas | Low net trade | Imports 5.9% of the gas it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Malaysia → Vietnam and Brunei → Vietnam as reported by the exporter | Malaysia, Brunei |
| Wheat | Not reported by this source | – | |
| Maize | Imports most | Imports 66% of the maize it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Brazil, Argentina, India |
| Rice | Exporter | Exports 20% of what it produces EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023 | Philippines, Indonesia, China (buyers) |
| Soybeans | Imports most | Imports 98% of the soybeans it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Brazil, United States, Canada |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | No partner data from the source |
| Phosphate | Imports some | Imports 21% of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | No partner data from the source |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: United States, 23% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | United States, Russia, Netherlands |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Not reported by this sourceUN Comtrade, 2025 | – |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilImports most
Imports 64% of the oil it uses
Main partners: United States, Angola, Australia
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, United States → Vietnam, Angola → Vietnam and Australia → Vietnam as reported by the exporter
- Natural gasLow net trade
Imports 5.9% of the gas it uses Preliminary
Main partners: Malaysia, Brunei
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Malaysia → Vietnam and Brunei → Vietnam as reported by the exporter
- Wheat
Not reported by this source
- MaizeImports most
Imports 66% of the maize it uses
Main partners: Brazil, Argentina, India
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceExporter
Exports 20% of what it produces Estimate
Main partners: Philippines, Indonesia, China (buyers)
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023
- SoybeansImports most
Imports 98% of the soybeans it uses
Main partners: Brazil, United States, Canada
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- PotashImports most
Imports all of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- PhosphateImports some
Imports 21% of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: United States, 23% of imports
Main partners: United States, Russia, Netherlands
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Not reported by this source
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRIyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Vietnam’s economy produced $515 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth8.0%2025 · 10th of 186 · World Bank
Inflation3.3%2025 · 78th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment1.5%2025 · 171st of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$83.1billion2024 · 30th of 164 · World Bank
Trade174% of GDP2024 · 9th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$22.0billion2025 · 22nd of 200 · World Bank
People
Vietnam had 102 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Vietnam’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman1.912023 · 121st of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age32.42023 · 117th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over9.5%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Technology and space
Satellites owned in Vietnam numbered 4 at the end of 2026.
AI compute share<0.1%2025 · 33rd of 36 · Epoch AI
Climate and hazards
Vietnam emitted 371 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Vietnam’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions371Mt2024 · 17th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person3.7t2024 · 96th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 17505,669Mt2024 · 38th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress2.12023 · 68th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Vietnam.
Sanctions
24entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 20, EU 3 and UK 1
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants
US$28.9billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021
Cyber incidents
43publicly known incidents affecting Vietnam, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
50 measures on this site have a recent figure for Vietnam.
| GDP | $515 bn | 2025 | 31st of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $5,066 | 2025 | 117th of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 8.0% | 2025 | 10th of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 3.3% | 2025 | 78th of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 30% | 2025 | 155th of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | 0.0% | 2025 | 40th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | 6.7% | 2025 | 28th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 1.5% | 2025 | 171st of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $83 bn | 2024 | 30th of 164 | World Bank |
| Trade | 174% | 2024 | 9th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $22 bn | 2025 | 22nd of 200 | World Bank |
| Population | 102 m | 2025 | 16th of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 100 m | 2023 | 16th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 1.91 | 2023 | 121st of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 32.4 | 2023 | 117th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 74.6 | 2023 | 126th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 39,889 | 2025 | 50th of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 13 | 2025 | 163rd of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 0.0 | 2025 | 170th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 165 kb/d | 2025 | 37th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 555 kb/d | 2024 | 32nd of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 47th of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 6.8 bcm | 2024 | 54th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 311 TWh | 2024 | 16th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 44% | 2024 | 85th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 49% | 2024 | 15th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 15% | 2024 | 52nd of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat imports | 4.9 Mt | 2024 | 15th of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 4.4 Mt | 2024 | 29th of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 8.8 Mt | 2024 | 6th of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 29.1 Mt | 2024 | 5th of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 1.2 Mt | 2024 | 12th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 51st of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 2.3 Mt | 2024 | 15th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.42 Mt | 2024 | 13th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.65 Mt | 2024 | 13th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 371 Mt | 2024 | 17th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 3.7 t | 2024 | 96th of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 5,669 Mt | 2024 | 38th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | −29% | 2023 | 115th of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 2.1 | 2023 | 68th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 59% | 2023 | 33rd of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 2.2% | 2025 | 49th of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $10 bn | 2025 | 31st of 150 | World Bank |
| Arms imports | 177 TIV m | 2025 | 39th of 108 | SIPRI |
| Satellites in orbit | 4 | 2026 | 47th of 81 | Orbital data from CelesTrak |
| Share of documented AI supercomputer power | <0.1% | 2025 | 33rd of 36 | Epoch AI |
| People using the internet | 84% | 2024 | 82nd of 182 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 24 | 2026 | 87th of 181 | US CSL |
| Chinese loans and grants committed | $189 m | 2021 | 31st of 122 | AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0 |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, Soybean production, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Dependencies at a glance
- CelesTrak SATCATSatellites in orbit
- Epoch AIAI compute share
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure