1 Dependencies at a glance Brunei imports all of its potash supply; it exports oil.
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons). Resource Dependence Position Main partners Oil Exports 84% of what it producesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025 Australia , Thailand , Singapore (buyers)Natural gas Exports 63% of what it produces EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025 Japan , South Korea , China (buyers)Wheat – Not reported by this source – Maize – Not reported by this source – Rice Imports 93% of the rice it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 Thailand , Cambodia , India Soybeans – Not reported by this source – Potash Imports all of its potash supply FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 Malaysia , China , Indonesia Phosphate Imports all of its phosphate supply FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 Malaysia , China Arms – Supplier concentration only Main supplier: Spain, 64% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 Spain , Singapore , Canada Chips – Supplier concentration only Main supplier: China, 28% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 China , United States , Singapore
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
Oil Exports 84% of what it produces
Main partners: Australia, Thailand, Singapore (buyers)
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025
Natural gas Exports 63% of what it produces
Main partners: Japan, South Korea, China (buyers)
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025
Wheat Not reported by this source
Maize Not reported by this source
Rice Imports 93% of the rice it uses
Main partners: Thailand, Cambodia, India
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
Soybeans Not reported by this source
Potash Imports all of its potash supply
Main partners: Malaysia, China, Indonesia
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
Phosphate Imports all of its phosphate supply
Main partners: Malaysia, China
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
ArmsSupplier concentration only Main supplier: Spain, 64% of imports
Main partners: Spain, Singapore, Canada
SIPRI, 2021–2025
ChipsSupplier concentration only Main supplier: China, 28% of imports
Main partners: China, United States, Singapore
UN Comtrade, 2025
Brunei’s economy produced $15 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025 $0 $5.0 bn $10 bn $15 bn $20 bn 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 Source: World Bank Indicators · 2000–2025 · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth 0.7% 2025 · 165th of 186 · World Bank
Inflation −0.3% 2025 · 162nd of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment 5.3% 2025 · 86th of 181 · World Bank
Reserves US$4.41billion 2024 · 100th of 164 · World Bank
Trade 133% of GDP 2024 · 31st of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment in US$62million 2025 · 156th of 200 · World Bank
Brunei had 466,330 people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100 0 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 1950 1970 1990 2000 2010 2030 2050 2070 2100 Projection Source: UN World Population Prospects · Updated 13 Nov 2026 ·
Brunei’s population by age Men Women 0–4, men: 0 million 5–9, men: 0 million 10–14, men: 0 million 15–19, men: 0 million 20–24, men: 0 million 25–29, men: 0 million 30–34, men: 0 million 35–39, men: 0 million 40–44, men: 0 million 45–49, men: 0 million 50–54, men: 0 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0 million 5–9, women: 0 million 10–14, women: 0 million 15–19, women: 0 million 20–24, women: 0 million 25–29, women: 0 million 30–34, women: 0 million 35–39, women: 0 million 40–44, women: 0 million 45–49, women: 0 million 50–54, women: 0 million 55–59, women: 0 million 60–64, women: 0 million 65–69, women: 0 million 70–74, women: 0 million 75–79, women: 0 million 80–84, women: 0 million 85–89, women: 0 million 90–94, women: 0 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Men Women 0–4, men: 0.01 million 5–9, men: 0 million 10–14, men: 0 million 15–19, men: 0 million 20–24, men: 0 million 25–29, men: 0 million 30–34, men: 0 million 35–39, men: 0 million 40–44, men: 0 million 45–49, men: 0 million 50–54, men: 0 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.01 million 5–9, women: 0 million 10–14, women: 0 million 15–19, women: 0 million 20–24, women: 0 million 25–29, women: 0 million 30–34, women: 0 million 35–39, women: 0 million 40–44, women: 0 million 45–49, women: 0 million 50–54, women: 0 million 55–59, women: 0 million 60–64, women: 0 million 65–69, women: 0 million 70–74, women: 0 million 75–79, women: 0 million 80–84, women: 0 million 85–89, women: 0 million 90–94, women: 0 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Men Women 0–4, men: 0.01 million 5–9, men: 0.01 million 10–14, men: 0 million 15–19, men: 0 million 20–24, men: 0 million 25–29, men: 0 million 30–34, men: 0 million 35–39, men: 0 million 40–44, men: 0 million 45–49, men: 0 million 50–54, men: 0 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.01 million 5–9, women: 0.01 million 10–14, women: 0 million 15–19, women: 0 million 20–24, women: 0 million 25–29, women: 0 million 30–34, women: 0 million 35–39, women: 0 million 40–44, women: 0 million 45–49, women: 0 million 50–54, women: 0 million 55–59, women: 0 million 60–64, women: 0 million 65–69, women: 0 million 70–74, women: 0 million 75–79, women: 0 million 80–84, women: 0 million 85–89, women: 0 million 90–94, women: 0 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Men Women 0–4, men: 0.01 million 5–9, men: 0.01 million 10–14, men: 0.01 million 15–19, men: 0.01 million 20–24, men: 0 million 25–29, men: 0 million 30–34, men: 0 million 35–39, men: 0 million 40–44, men: 0 million 45–49, men: 0 million 50–54, men: 0 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.01 million 5–9, women: 0.01 million 10–14, women: 0.01 million 15–19, women: 0 million 20–24, women: 0 million 25–29, women: 0 million 30–34, women: 0 million 35–39, women: 0 million 40–44, women: 0 million 45–49, women: 0 million 50–54, women: 0 million 55–59, women: 0 million 60–64, women: 0 million 65–69, women: 0 million 70–74, women: 0 million 75–79, women: 0 million 80–84, women: 0 million 85–89, women: 0 million 90–94, women: 0 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Men Women 0–4, men: 0.01 million 5–9, men: 0.01 million 10–14, men: 0.01 million 15–19, men: 0.01 million 20–24, men: 0.01 million 25–29, men: 0.01 million 30–34, men: 0 million 35–39, men: 0 million 40–44, men: 0 million 45–49, men: 0 million 50–54, men: 0 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.01 million 5–9, women: 0.01 million 10–14, women: 0.01 million 15–19, women: 0.01 million 20–24, women: 0 million 25–29, women: 0 million 30–34, women: 0 million 35–39, women: 0 million 40–44, women: 0 million 45–49, women: 0 million 50–54, women: 0 million 55–59, women: 0 million 60–64, women: 0 million 65–69, women: 0 million 70–74, women: 0 million 75–79, women: 0 million 80–84, women: 0 million 85–89, women: 0 million 90–94, women: 0 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Men Women 0–4, men: 0.01 million 5–9, men: 0.01 million 10–14, men: 0.01 million 15–19, men: 0.01 million 20–24, men: 0.01 million 25–29, men: 0.01 million 30–34, men: 0.01 million 35–39, men: 0 million 40–44, men: 0 million 45–49, men: 0 million 50–54, men: 0 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.01 million 5–9, women: 0.01 million 10–14, women: 0.01 million 15–19, women: 0.01 million 20–24, women: 0.01 million 25–29, women: 0.01 million 30–34, women: 0 million 35–39, women: 0 million 40–44, women: 0 million 45–49, women: 0 million 50–54, women: 0 million 55–59, women: 0 million 60–64, women: 0 million 65–69, women: 0 million 70–74, women: 0 million 75–79, women: 0 million 80–84, women: 0 million 85–89, women: 0 million 90–94, women: 0 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Men Women 0–4, men: 0.01 million 5–9, men: 0.01 million 10–14, men: 0.01 million 15–19, men: 0.01 million 20–24, men: 0.01 million 25–29, men: 0.01 million 30–34, men: 0.01 million 35–39, men: 0.01 million 40–44, men: 0 million 45–49, men: 0 million 50–54, men: 0 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.01 million 5–9, women: 0.01 million 10–14, women: 0.01 million 15–19, women: 0.01 million 20–24, women: 0.01 million 25–29, women: 0.01 million 30–34, women: 0.01 million 35–39, women: 0 million 40–44, women: 0 million 45–49, women: 0 million 50–54, women: 0 million 55–59, women: 0 million 60–64, women: 0 million 65–69, women: 0 million 70–74, women: 0 million 75–79, women: 0 million 80–84, women: 0 million 85–89, women: 0 million 90–94, women: 0 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Men Women 0–4, men: 0.02 million 5–9, men: 0.01 million 10–14, men: 0.01 million 15–19, men: 0.01 million 20–24, men: 0.01 million 25–29, men: 0.01 million 30–34, men: 0.01 million 35–39, men: 0.01 million 40–44, men: 0.01 million 45–49, men: 0 million 50–54, men: 0 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.01 million 5–9, women: 0.01 million 10–14, women: 0.01 million 15–19, women: 0.01 million 20–24, women: 0.01 million 25–29, women: 0.01 million 30–34, women: 0.01 million 35–39, women: 0.01 million 40–44, women: 0 million 45–49, women: 0 million 50–54, women: 0 million 55–59, women: 0 million 60–64, women: 0 million 65–69, women: 0 million 70–74, women: 0 million 75–79, women: 0 million 80–84, women: 0 million 85–89, women: 0 million 90–94, women: 0 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Men Women 0–4, men: 0.02 million 5–9, men: 0.02 million 10–14, men: 0.01 million 15–19, men: 0.01 million 20–24, men: 0.01 million 25–29, men: 0.02 million 30–34, men: 0.01 million 35–39, men: 0.01 million 40–44, men: 0.01 million 45–49, men: 0.01 million 50–54, men: 0 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.02 million 5–9, women: 0.01 million 10–14, women: 0.01 million 15–19, women: 0.01 million 20–24, women: 0.01 million 25–29, women: 0.01 million 30–34, women: 0.01 million 35–39, women: 0.01 million 40–44, women: 0.01 million 45–49, women: 0 million 50–54, women: 0 million 55–59, women: 0 million 60–64, women: 0 million 65–69, women: 0 million 70–74, women: 0 million 75–79, women: 0 million 80–84, women: 0 million 85–89, women: 0 million 90–94, women: 0 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Men Women 0–4, men: 0.02 million 5–9, men: 0.02 million 10–14, men: 0.02 million 15–19, men: 0.01 million 20–24, men: 0.01 million 25–29, men: 0.02 million 30–34, men: 0.02 million 35–39, men: 0.02 million 40–44, men: 0.01 million 45–49, men: 0.01 million 50–54, men: 0 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.02 million 5–9, women: 0.02 million 10–14, women: 0.01 million 15–19, women: 0.01 million 20–24, women: 0.01 million 25–29, women: 0.01 million 30–34, women: 0.01 million 35–39, women: 0.01 million 40–44, women: 0.01 million 45–49, women: 0.01 million 50–54, women: 0 million 55–59, women: 0 million 60–64, women: 0 million 65–69, women: 0 million 70–74, women: 0 million 75–79, women: 0 million 80–84, women: 0 million 85–89, women: 0 million 90–94, women: 0 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Men Women 0–4, men: 0.02 million 5–9, men: 0.02 million 10–14, men: 0.02 million 15–19, men: 0.02 million 20–24, men: 0.02 million 25–29, men: 0.02 million 30–34, men: 0.02 million 35–39, men: 0.02 million 40–44, men: 0.01 million 45–49, men: 0.01 million 50–54, men: 0.01 million 55–59, men: 0 million 60–64, men: 0 million 65–69, men: 0 million 70–74, men: 0 million 75–79, men: 0 million 80–84, men: 0 million 85–89, men: 0 million 90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.02 million 5–9, women: 0.02 million 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90–94, men: 0 million 95–99, men: 0 million 100+, men: 0 million 0–4, women: 0.01 million 5–9, women: 0.01 million 10–14, women: 0.01 million 15–19, women: 0.01 million 20–24, women: 0.01 million 25–29, women: 0.01 million 30–34, women: 0.01 million 35–39, women: 0.01 million 40–44, women: 0.01 million 45–49, women: 0.01 million 50–54, women: 0.01 million 55–59, women: 0.01 million 60–64, women: 0.01 million 65–69, women: 0.01 million 70–74, women: 0.01 million 75–79, women: 0.01 million 80–84, women: 0.01 million 85–89, women: 0.01 million 90–94, women: 0.01 million 95–99, women: 0 million 100+, women: 0 million 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0m 0 0m Millions of people in each five-year age group, men left and women right. Years after 2023 are UN projections (medium variant). Source: UN World Population Prospects · 1950–2100 · Updated 13 Nov 2026 ·
Births per woman 1.75 2023 · 134th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age 31.8 2023 · 121st of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over 7.2% 2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Brunei emitted 12.1 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Brunei’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024 0 Mt 5 Mt 10 Mt 15 Mt 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2024 Source: Our World in Data CO2 · 1990–2024 · Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions 12Mt 2024 · 104th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person 26.0t 2024 · 3rd of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 1750 428Mt 2024 · 106th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Shown only where a source covers Brunei.
Refugees 0 refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
175 from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder · 2025
Sanctions No entry on the US, EU or UK lists gives it as an address or nationality.
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions List · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants US$2.14billion committed by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance · 2000–2021
Cyber incidents 5 publicly known incidents affecting Brunei, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.0 · 2000–2024
47 measures on this site have a recent figure for Brunei.
Measure Value Year Rank Source GDP $15 bn 2025 141st of 186 World Bank GDP per person $32,235 2025 39th of 186 World Bank Economic growth 0.7% 2025 165th of 186 World Bank Inflation −0.3% 2025 162nd of 169 World Bank Government debt 2% 2025 190th of 191 IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 Government budget balance −17.7% 2025 193rd of 195 IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 Current account balance 18.0% 2025 8th of 194 IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 Unemployment 5.3% 2025 86th of 181 World Bank Reserves, including gold $4.4 bn 2024 100th of 164 World Bank Trade 133% 2024 31st of 172 World Bank Foreign investment in $62 m 2025 156th of 200 World Bank Population 466,330 2025 173rd of 216 World Bank Population with UN projections 458,949 2023 176th of 237 UN WPP 2024 Births per woman 1.75 2023 134th of 237 UN WPP 2024 Median age 31.8 2023 121st of 237 UN WPP 2024 Life expectancy 75.3 2023 118th of 237 UN WPP 2024 Refugees from the country 175 2025 165th of 206 UNHCR Refugees and others needing protection, by host 0 2025 171st of 176 UNHCR Refugees hosted per 1,000 people 0.0 2025 171st of 176 UNHCR Crude oil production 101 kb/d 2025 43rd of 214 EIA Oil consumption 16 kb/d 2024 150th of 212 EIA Natural gas production 2024 41st of 213 EIA Natural gas consumption 3.9 bcm 2024 68th of 213 EIA Electricity generated 6 TWh 2024 126th of 193 Ember Low-carbon electricity 0.2% 2024 186th of 193 Ember Electricity from coal 20% 2024 38th of 193 Ember Electricity from wind and solar 0.2% 2024 172nd of 193 Ember Wheat imports 0.0 Mt 2024 173rd of 180 FAOSTAT Maize imports 0.0 Mt 2024 114th of 196 FAOSTAT Rice production 0.0 Mt 2024 101st of 135 FAOSTAT Rice imports 0.0 Mt 2024 120th of 197 FAOSTAT Soybean imports 0.0 Mt 2024 74th of 179 FAOSTAT Potash fertiliser use 0.00 Mt 2024 157th of 199 FAOSTAT Phosphate fertiliser use 0.00 Mt 2024 158th of 199 FAOSTAT CO2 emissions 12 Mt 2024 104th of 214 Global Carbon Budget CO2 per person 26.0 t 2024 3rd of 213 Global Carbon Budget CO2 emitted since 1750 428 Mt 2024 106th of 214 Global Carbon Budget Net CO2 imports through trade −29% 2023 116th of 120 Global Carbon Budget Water stress 0.0 2023 154th of 164 WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0 ) Water from abroad 0% 2023 125th of 193 FAO AQUASTAT Military spending, share of GDP 3.7% 2024 16th of 152 World Bank Military spending $560 m 2024 93rd of 152 World Bank Arms imports 28 TIV m 2024 74th of 117 SIPRI People using the internet 96% 2024 18th of 182 World Bank ICT service exports $15 m 2024 135th of 162 World Bank ICT service exports, share of service exports 3.6% 2024 104th of 162 World Bank Chinese loans and grants committed $19 m 2021 75th of 122 AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0
Sources for this page World Bank Indicators GDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, … IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 Debt, Budget balance, Current account UN World Population Prospects Population (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy UNHCR Refugee Data Finder Refugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000 U.S. Energy Information Administration Oil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance Ember electricity data Electricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar FAOSTAT Wheat imports, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, Soybean imports, Potash use, … Our World in Data CO2 CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0 ) Water stress FAO AQUASTAT Water from abroad SIPRI Arms Transfers Database Arms imports, Dependencies at a glance AidData Chinese development finance Chinese loans and grants UN Comtrade Dependencies at a glance US Consolidated Screening List Sanctions EU financial sanctions list Sanctions UK Sanctions List Sanctions EuRepoC cyber incidents Cyber incidents