Refugees
7,705refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
22,568from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan has 37 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $147 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports 84% of the soybeans it uses (FAOSTAT, 2024) and 66% of the oil it uses (EIA, 2024).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 37 m (2025)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$147billion60th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population37million42nd of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$3,968129th of 186World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person3.8t89th of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Uzbekistan imports 84% of the soybeans it uses and 66% of the oil it uses; it exports potash.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Imports most | Imports 66% of the oil it usesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Russia, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan |
| Natural gas | Low net trade | Imports 11% of the gas it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Russia, Turkmenistan |
| Wheat | Imports some | Imports 42% of the wheat it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Kazakhstan |
| Maize | Low net trade | Imports 9.6% of the maize it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Türkiye |
| Rice | Imports some | Imports 16% of the rice it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Thailand |
| Soybeans | Imports most | Imports 84% of the soybeans it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Kazakhstan |
| Potash | Exporter | Exports 33% of what it produces EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025 | Indonesia, China, South Africa (buyers) |
| Phosphate | Exporter | Exports 38% of what it produces EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025 | Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Kazakhstan (buyers) |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: China, 60% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | China, France, Türkiye |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: China, 88% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 | China, United States, Netherlands |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilImports most
Imports 66% of the oil it uses
Main partners: Russia, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- Natural gasLow net trade
Imports 11% of the gas it uses Preliminary
Main partners: Russia, Turkmenistan
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- WheatImports some
Imports 42% of the wheat it uses
Main partners: Kazakhstan
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- MaizeLow net trade
Imports 9.6% of the maize it uses
Main partners: Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Türkiye
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceImports some
Imports 16% of the rice it uses
Main partners: Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Thailand
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- SoybeansImports most
Imports 84% of the soybeans it uses
Main partners: Kazakhstan
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- PotashExporter
Exports 33% of what it produces Estimate
Main partners: Indonesia, China, South Africa (buyers)
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025
- PhosphateExporter
Exports 38% of what it produces Estimate
Main partners: Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Kazakhstan (buyers)
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: China, 60% of imports
Main partners: China, France, Türkiye
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: China, 88% of imports
Main partners: China, United States, Netherlands
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRI; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Uzbekistan’s economy produced $147 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth7.7%2025 · 12th of 186 · World Bank
Inflation8.8%2025 · 19th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment4.6%2025 · 105th of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$41.2billion2024 · 50th of 164 · World Bank
Trade58% of GDP2024 · 120th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$4.47billion2025 · 50th of 200 · World Bank
People
Uzbekistan had 37 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Uzbekistan’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman3.502023 · 46th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age26.92023 · 153rd of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over6.1%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Climate and hazards
Uzbekistan emitted 139 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Uzbekistan’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions139Mt2024 · 35th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person3.8t2024 · 89th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 17506,751Mt2024 · 34th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress3.62023 · 34th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Uzbekistan.
Sanctions
33entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 21, EU 3 and UK 9
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants
US$18.2billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021
Cyber incidents
9publicly known incidents affecting Uzbekistan, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
49 measures on this site have a recent figure for Uzbekistan.
| GDP | $147 bn | 2025 | 60th of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $3,968 | 2025 | 129th of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 7.7% | 2025 | 12th of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 8.8% | 2025 | 19th of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 29% | 2025 | 162nd of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | −1.6% | 2025 | 70th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | −3.9% | 2025 | 131st of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 4.6% | 2025 | 105th of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $41 bn | 2024 | 50th of 164 | World Bank |
| Trade | 58% | 2024 | 120th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $4.5 bn | 2025 | 50th of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 13.7% | 2024 | 18th of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 37 m | 2025 | 42nd of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 36 m | 2023 | 43rd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 3.50 | 2023 | 46th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 26.9 | 2023 | 153rd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 72.4 | 2023 | 148th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 22,568 | 2025 | 63rd of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 7,705 | 2025 | 116th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 0.2 | 2025 | 138th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 30 kb/d | 2025 | 59th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 136 kb/d | 2024 | 67th of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 17th of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 51.7 bcm | 2024 | 18th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 82 TWh | 2024 | 42nd of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 16% | 2024 | 136th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 7% | 2024 | 53rd of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 5.9% | 2024 | 96th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat production | 6.7 Mt | 2024 | 22nd of 123 | FAOSTAT |
| Wheat imports | 4.9 Mt | 2024 | 14th of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 0.9 Mt | 2024 | 63rd of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 88th of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 0.3 Mt | 2024 | 53rd of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 104th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 64th of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 55th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.15 Mt | 2024 | 27th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.02 Mt | 2024 | 81st of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 139 Mt | 2024 | 35th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 3.8 t | 2024 | 89th of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 6,751 Mt | 2024 | 34th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 3.6 | 2023 | 34th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 80% | 2023 | 14th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Arms imports | 32 TIV m | 2025 | 62nd of 108 | SIPRI |
| People using the internet | 90% | 2024 | 60th of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $620 m | 2024 | 72nd of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 9.5% | 2024 | 62nd of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 33 | 2026 | 74th of 181 | US CSL |
| Chinese loans and grants committed | $658 m | 2021 | 16th of 122 | AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0 |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Dependencies at a glance
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
- UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure