CountriesIndicatorsThis week
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026

Sudan

Sudan has 52 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $60 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of its potash supply (FAOSTAT, 2024, estimated) and 54% of the oil it uses (EIA, 2024).

Written automatically from the figures on this page.

Population
52 m (2025)
Member of
OPEC+ (as of 10 Nov 2026)

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.

1

Dependencies at a glance

Sudan imports all of its potash supply and 54% of the oil it uses.

Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
ResourceDependencePositionMain partners
OilImports mostImports 54% of the oil it usesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025No partner data from the source
Natural gasUses no gas, by this source PreliminaryEIA, 2024No partner data from the source
WheatImports mostImports 85% of the wheat it usesFAOSTAT, use 2014 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023No partner data from the source
MaizeImports someImports 17% of the maize it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023No partner data from the source
RiceImports mostImports 91% of the rice it usesFAOSTAT, 2023No partner data from the source
SoybeansNot reported by this source–
PotashImports mostImports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025No partner data from the source
PhosphateImports mostImports all of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025No partner data from the source
ArmsSupplier concentration onlyMain supplier: Kyrgyzstan, 59% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025Kyrgyzstan, Türkiye, United Arab Emirates
ChipsSupplier concentration onlyNot reported by this sourceUN Comtrade, 2025–

Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).

  • OilImports most

    Imports 54% of the oil it uses

    Main partners: No partner data from the source

    EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025

  • Natural gas

    Uses no gas, by this source Preliminary

    Main partners: No partner data from the source

    EIA, 2024

  • WheatImports most

    Imports 85% of the wheat it uses

    Main partners: No partner data from the source

    FAOSTAT, use 2014 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023

  • MaizeImports some

    Imports 17% of the maize it uses Estimate

    Main partners: No partner data from the source

    FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023

  • RiceImports most

    Imports 91% of the rice it uses

    Main partners: No partner data from the source

    FAOSTAT, 2023

  • Soybeans

    Not reported by this source

  • PotashImports most

    Imports all of its potash supply Estimate

    Main partners: No partner data from the source

    FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025

  • PhosphateImports most

    Imports all of its phosphate supply Estimate

    Main partners: No partner data from the source

    FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025

  • ArmsSupplier concentration only

    Main supplier: Kyrgyzstan, 59% of imports

    Main partners: Kyrgyzstan, Türkiye, United Arab Emirates

    SIPRI, 2021–2025

  • ChipsSupplier concentration only

    Not reported by this source

    UN Comtrade, 2025

Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRIyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026

Dependencies tool
2

Money and reserves

Sudan’s economy produced $60 bn in 2025.

GDP, 2000–2025

$0$20 bn$40 bn$60 bn$80 bn200020052010201520202025

Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026

Economic growth3.1%2025 · 101st of 186 · World Bank
Trade2% of GDP2024 · 172nd of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$1,9002025 · 183rd of 200 · World Bank
3

People

Sudan had 52 m people in 2025.

Population, 1950–2100

050 m100 m150 m200 m195019701990200020102030205020702100Projection
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios

Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection

Sudan’s population by age

1950200020502100
MenWomen01020304050607080901005m05m
Millions of people in each five-year age group, men left and women right. Years after 2023 are UN projections (medium variant).

Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection

Births per woman4.322023 · 17th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age18.32023 · 211th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over3.4%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
4

Climate and hazards

Sudan emitted 17.8 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.

Sudan’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024

0 Mt5 Mt10 Mt15 Mt20 Mt25 Mt1990199520002005201020152024

Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026

CO2 emissions18Mt2024 · 95th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person0.4t2024 · 186th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 1750517Mt2024 · 102nd of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress1.52023 · 90th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
5

More figures

Shown only where a source covers Sudan.

Refugees

859,963refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
3.8 mfrom it, abroad, 2025

Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025

Sanctions

126entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 43, EU 40 and UK 43

Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.

Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026

Chinese loans and grants

US$18.9billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021

Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021

Cyber incidents

3publicly known incidents affecting Sudan, 2000–2024

Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to

Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024

6

All figures

46 measures on this site have a recent figure for Sudan.

GDP$60 bn202590th of 186World Bank
GDP per person$1,1652025169th of 186World Bank
Economic growth3.1%2025101st of 186World Bank
Government debtEstimate20252nd of 191IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026
Government budget balanceEstimate2025115th of 195IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026
Current account balanceEstimate2025169th of 194IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026
Trade2%2024172nd of 172World Bank
Foreign investment in$1,9002025183rd of 200World Bank
Remittances received0.0%2024155th of 162World Bank
Population52 m202530th of 216World Bank
Population with UN projections50 m202330th of 237UN WPP 2024
Births per woman4.32202317th of 237UN WPP 2024
Median age18.32023211th of 237UN WPP 2024
Life expectancy66.32023201st of 237UN WPP 2024
Refugees from the country3.8 m20255th of 206UNHCR
Refugees and others needing protection, by host859,963202516th of 176UNHCR
Refugees hosted per 1,000 people16.6202543rd of 176UNHCR
People displaced inside the country9.1 m20251st of 38UNHCR
Crude oil production30 kb/d202558th of 214EIA
Oil consumption86 kb/d202490th of 212EIA
Natural gas productionPreliminary202497th of 213EIA
Natural gas consumption0.0 bcm2024126th of 213EIA
Electricity generated15 TWh202497th of 193Ember
Low-carbon electricity80%202439th of 193Ember
Electricity from coal0%202482nd of 193Ember
Electricity from wind and solar1.1%2024141st of 193Ember
Wheat production0.5 Mt202462nd of 123FAOSTAT
Wheat imports0.1 Mt2024119th of 180FAOSTAT
Maize production0.0 Mt2024122nd of 169FAOSTAT
Maize imports0.0 Mt2024148th of 196FAOSTAT
Rice production0.0 Mt202489th of 135FAOSTAT
Rice imports0.1 Mt202483rd of 197FAOSTAT
Soybean imports0.0 Mt2024161st of 179FAOSTAT
Potash fertiliser use0.00 Mt2024137th of 199FAOSTAT
Phosphate fertiliser use0.03 Mt202472nd of 199FAOSTAT
CO2 emissions18 Mt202495th of 214Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person0.4 t2024186th of 213Global Carbon Budget
CO2 emitted since 1750517 Mt2024102nd of 214Global Carbon Budget
Water stress1.5202390th of 164WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
Water from abroad96%20236th of 193FAO AQUASTAT
Deaths in organised violence75,17420252nd of 61UCDP
Arms imports57 TIV m202555th of 108SIPRI
ICT service exports$16 m2024132nd of 162World Bank
ICT service exports, share of service exports6.6%202484th of 162World Bank
Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK)126202626th of 181US CSL
Chinese loans and grants committed$5 m202199th of 122AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0

Sources for this page

  • World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Trade, Foreign investment in, Remittances, …
  • IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
  • UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
  • UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000, Internally displaced
  • U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
  • Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
  • FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, …
  • Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750
  • WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
  • FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
  • UCDP Georeferenced Event DatasetConflict deaths
  • SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Dependencies at a glance
  • US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
  • AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
  • EU financial sanctions listSanctions
  • UK Sanctions ListSanctions
  • EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents

Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure

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