Refugees
214,404refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
4,369from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Tanzania
Tanzania has 71 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $90 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of the oil it uses (EIA, 2024).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 71 m (2025)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$90.1billion82nd of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population71million21st of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$1,278165th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP1.2% of GDP100th of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person0.3t189th of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Tanzania imports all of the oil it uses; it exports rice.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Imports most | Imports all of the oil it usesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | China, United Arab Emirates |
| Natural gas | Low net trade | Imports 0% of the gas it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Argentina, South Africa |
| Wheat | Imports most | Imports 92% of the wheat it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Russia, Poland, Latvia |
| Maize | Low net trade | Exports 3.5% of what it producesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Uganda, Zambia |
| Rice | Exporter | Exports 15% of what it produces EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023 | Uganda, Burundi (buyers) |
| Soybeans | Low net trade | Exports 9.8% of what it produces EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Zambia, Malawi |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Uzbekistan, Russia, United Kingdom |
| Phosphate | Imports most | Imports all of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Zambia |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: China, 51% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | China, France, United Arab Emirates |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: Thailand, 44% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 | Thailand, China, United States |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilImports most
Imports all of the oil it uses
Main partners: China, United Arab Emirates
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- Natural gasLow net trade
Imports 0% of the gas it uses Preliminary
Main partners: Argentina, South Africa
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- WheatImports most
Imports 92% of the wheat it uses
Main partners: Russia, Poland, Latvia
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- MaizeLow net trade
Exports 3.5% of what it produces
Main partners: Uganda, Zambia
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceExporter
Exports 15% of what it produces Estimate
Main partners: Uganda, Burundi (buyers)
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023
- SoybeansLow net trade
Exports 9.8% of what it produces Estimate
Main partners: Zambia, Malawi
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- PotashImports most
Imports all of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: Uzbekistan, Russia, United Kingdom
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- PhosphateImports most
Imports all of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Zambia
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: China, 51% of imports
Main partners: China, France, United Arab Emirates
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: Thailand, 44% of imports
Main partners: Thailand, China, United States
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRI; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Tanzania’s economy produced $90 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth5.9%2025 · 33rd of 186 · World Bank
Inflation3.3%2025 · 77th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment1.6%2025 · 170th of 181 · World Bank
Trade41% of GDP2024 · 149th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$1.72billion2025 · 76th of 200 · World Bank
People
Tanzania had 71 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Tanzania’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman4.612023 · 13th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age17.22023 · 224th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over3%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Climate and hazards
Tanzania emitted 20.0 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Tanzania’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions20Mt2024 · 89th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person0.3t2024 · 189th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 1750345Mt2024 · 111th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress1.92023 · 74th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Tanzania.
Sanctions
7entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 4, EU 2 and UK 1
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants
US$3.76billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021
Cyber incidents
4publicly known incidents affecting Tanzania, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
52 measures on this site have a recent figure for Tanzania.
| GDP | $90 bn | 2025 | 82nd of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $1,278 | 2025 | 165th of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 5.9% | 2025 | 33rd of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 3.3% | 2025 | 77th of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | Estimate | 2025 | 107th of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | Estimate | 2025 | 98th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | Estimate | 2025 | 109th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 1.6% | 2025 | 170th of 181 | World Bank |
| Trade | 41% | 2024 | 149th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $1.7 bn | 2025 | 76th of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 1.4% | 2024 | 95th of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 71 m | 2025 | 21st of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 67 m | 2023 | 22nd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 4.61 | 2023 | 13th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 17.2 | 2023 | 224th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 67.0 | 2023 | 195th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 4,369 | 2025 | 97th of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 214,404 | 2025 | 42nd of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 3.0 | 2025 | 93rd of 176 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 0 kb/d | 2025 | 100th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 84 kb/d | 2024 | 91st of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 59th of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 2.0 bcm | 2024 | 85th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 9 TWh | 2024 | 111th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 33% | 2024 | 103rd of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 0% | 2024 | 82nd of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 0.5% | 2024 | 160th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat production | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 78th of 123 | FAOSTAT |
| Wheat imports | 1.3 Mt | 2024 | 38th of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 10.1 Mt | 2024 | 15th of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 121st of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 2.7 Mt | 2024 | 20th of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 185th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 53rd of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 113th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.03 Mt | 2024 | 65th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.05 Mt | 2024 | 54th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 20 Mt | 2024 | 89th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 0.3 t | 2024 | 189th of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 345 Mt | 2024 | 111th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | 27% | 2023 | 56th of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 1.9 | 2023 | 74th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 13% | 2023 | 80th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 1.2% | 2025 | 100th of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $1.0 bn | 2025 | 80th of 150 | World Bank |
| Deaths in organised violence | 1,009 | 2025 | 19th of 61 | UCDP |
| Arms imports | 4 TIV m | 2025 | 94th of 108 | SIPRI |
| People using the internet | 31% | 2024 | 164th of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $69 m | 2024 | 110th of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 1% | 2024 | 140th of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 7 | 2026 | 130th of 181 | US CSL |
| Chinese loans and grants committed | $157 m | 2021 | 35th of 122 | AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0 |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Trade, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- UCDP Georeferenced Event DatasetConflict deaths
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Dependencies at a glance
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
- UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure