Refugees
1.2 mrefugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
124,303from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Bangladesh
Bangladesh has 176 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $456 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of its potash supply (FAOSTAT, 2024, estimated) and 97% of the oil it uses (EIA, 2024).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 176 m (2025)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$456billion36th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population176million8th of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$2,597146th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP0.8% of GDP123rd of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person0.6t171st of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Bangladesh imports all of its potash supply and 97% of the oil it uses.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Imports most | Imports 97% of the oil it usesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Malaysia → Bangladesh and Mozambique → Bangladesh as reported by the exporter | Malaysia, Mozambique |
| Natural gas | Imports some | Imports 26% of the gas it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, United States → Bangladesh, China → Bangladesh and Indonesia → Bangladesh as reported by the exporter | United States, China, Indonesia |
| Wheat | Imports most | Imports 71% of the wheat it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Maize | Imports some | Imports 20% of the maize it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Rice | Low net trade | Imports 0.7% of the rice it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Soybeans | Imports most | Imports 95% of the soybeans it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | No partner data from the source |
| Phosphate | Imports most | Imports 95% of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | No partner data from the source |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: China, 50% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | China, Türkiye, United Kingdom |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Not reported by this sourceUN Comtrade, 2025 | – |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilImports most
Imports 97% of the oil it uses
Main partners: Malaysia, Mozambique
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Malaysia → Bangladesh and Mozambique → Bangladesh as reported by the exporter
- Natural gasImports some
Imports 26% of the gas it uses Preliminary
Main partners: United States, China, Indonesia
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, United States → Bangladesh, China → Bangladesh and Indonesia → Bangladesh as reported by the exporter
- WheatImports most
Imports 71% of the wheat it uses
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- MaizeImports some
Imports 20% of the maize it uses
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceLow net trade
Imports 0.7% of the rice it uses Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- SoybeansImports most
Imports 95% of the soybeans it uses
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- PotashImports most
Imports all of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- PhosphateImports most
Imports 95% of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: China, 50% of imports
Main partners: China, Türkiye, United Kingdom
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Not reported by this source
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRIyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Bangladesh’s economy produced $456 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth3.5%2025 · 87th of 186 · World Bank
Inflation8.8%2025 · 20th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment3.8%2025 · 117th of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$21.4billion2024 · 62nd of 164 · World Bank
Trade27% of GDP2024 · 166th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$1.78billion2025 · 75th of 200 · World Bank
People
Bangladesh had 176 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Bangladesh’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman2.162023 · 102nd of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age25.32023 · 161st of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over6.7%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Technology and space
Satellites owned in Bangladesh numbered 1 at the end of 2026.
Climate and hazards
Bangladesh emitted 108 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Bangladesh’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions108Mt2024 · 41st of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person0.6t2024 · 171st of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 17502,001Mt2024 · 70th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress2.72023 · 56th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Bangladesh.
Sanctions
15entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 10, EU 1 and UK 4
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants
US$20.8billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021
Cyber incidents
18publicly known incidents affecting Bangladesh, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
54 measures on this site have a recent figure for Bangladesh.
| GDP | $456 bn | 2025 | 36th of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $2,597 | 2025 | 146th of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 3.5% | 2025 | 87th of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 8.8% | 2025 | 20th of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 42% | 2025 | 124th of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | −3.1% | 2025 | 116th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | 0.0% | 2025 | 77th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 3.8% | 2025 | 117th of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $21 bn | 2024 | 62nd of 164 | World Bank |
| Trade | 27% | 2024 | 166th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $1.8 bn | 2025 | 75th of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 6.1% | 2024 | 43rd of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 176 m | 2025 | 8th of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 171 m | 2023 | 8th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 2.16 | 2023 | 102nd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 25.3 | 2023 | 161st of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 74.7 | 2023 | 125th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 124,303 | 2025 | 38th of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 1.2 m | 2025 | 10th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 6.7 | 2025 | 76th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 3 kb/d | 2025 | 82nd of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 291 kb/d | 2024 | 43rd of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 31st of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 27.0 bcm | 2024 | 34th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 102 TWh | 2024 | 36th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 1.9% | 2024 | 178th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 20% | 2024 | 37th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 1.2% | 2024 | 139th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat production | 1.2 Mt | 2024 | 49th of 123 | FAOSTAT |
| Wheat imports | 2.9 Mt | 2024 | 23rd of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 4.6 Mt | 2024 | 27th of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 1.2 Mt | 2024 | 35th of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 40.6 Mt | 2024 | 3rd of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.3 Mt | 2024 | 48th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 42nd of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 2.0 Mt | 2024 | 16th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.59 Mt | 2024 | 9th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 1.04 Mt | 2024 | 7th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 108 Mt | 2024 | 41st of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 0.6 t | 2024 | 171st of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 2,001 Mt | 2024 | 70th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | 61% | 2023 | 25th of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 2.7 | 2023 | 56th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 91% | 2023 | 8th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 0.8% | 2025 | 123rd of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $3.8 bn | 2025 | 51st of 150 | World Bank |
| Deaths in organised violence | 17 | 2025 | 47th of 61 | UCDP |
| Arms imports | 32 TIV m | 2025 | 62nd of 108 | SIPRI |
| Satellites in orbit | 1 | 2026 | 64th of 81 | Orbital data from CelesTrak |
| People using the internet | 53% | 2024 | 143rd of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $715 m | 2024 | 69th of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 9.5% | 2024 | 60th of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 15 | 2026 | 97th of 181 | US CSL |
| Chinese loans and grants committed | $1.6 bn | 2021 | 11th of 122 | AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0 |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- UCDP Georeferenced Event DatasetConflict deaths
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Dependencies at a glance
- CelesTrak SATCATSatellites in orbit
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure