CountriesIndicatorsThis week
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026

Iceland

Iceland has 392,404 people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $39 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of the oil it uses (EIA, 2025, preliminary).

Written automatically from the figures on this page.

Population
392,404 (2025)
Member of
NATO, OECD (as of 10 Nov 2026)

Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.

1

Dependencies at a glance

Iceland imports all of the oil it uses.

Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
ResourceDependencePositionMain partners
OilImports mostImports all of the oil it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2025 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025Germany, France, Sweden
Natural gasUses no gas, by this source PreliminaryEIA, 2024No partner data from the source
WheatNot reported by this source–
MaizeNot reported by this source–
RiceNot reported by this source–
SoybeansNot reported by this source–
PotashImports mostImports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025Germany, Netherlands, United Kingdom
PhosphateImports mostImports all of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025United Kingdom, Iran, China
ArmsSupplier concentration onlyNo major arms imports recorded, 2021–2025SIPRI, 2021–2025–
ChipsSupplier concentration onlyMain supplier: China, 29% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025China, Germany, Switzerland

Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).

  • OilImports most

    Imports all of the oil it uses Preliminary

    Main partners: Germany, France, Sweden

    EIA, use 2025 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025

  • Natural gas

    Uses no gas, by this source Preliminary

    Main partners: No partner data from the source

    EIA, 2024

  • Wheat

    Not reported by this source

  • Maize

    Not reported by this source

  • Rice

    Not reported by this source

  • Soybeans

    Not reported by this source

  • PotashImports most

    Imports all of its potash supply Estimate

    Main partners: Germany, Netherlands, United Kingdom

    FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025

  • PhosphateImports most

    Imports all of its phosphate supply Estimate

    Main partners: United Kingdom, Iran, China

    FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025

  • ArmsSupplier concentration only

    No major arms imports recorded, 2021–2025

    SIPRI, 2021–2025

  • ChipsSupplier concentration only

    Main supplier: China, 29% of imports

    Main partners: China, Germany, Switzerland

    UN Comtrade, 2025

Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026

Dependencies tool
2

Money and reserves

Iceland’s economy produced $39 bn in 2025.

GDP, 2000–2025

$0$10 bn$20 bn$30 bn$40 bn200020052010201520202025

Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026

Economic growth1.3%2025 · 152nd of 186 · World Bank
Inflation4.1%2025 · 47th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment3.6%2025 · 120th of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$6.40billion2024 · 87th of 164 · World Bank
Trade86% of GDP2024 · 78th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment in−US$835million2025 · 190th of 200 · World Bank
3

People

Iceland had 392,404 people in 2025.

Population, 1950–2100

0200,000400,000600,000195019701990200020102030205020702100Projection
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios

Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection

Iceland’s population by age

1950200020502100
MenWomen01020304050607080901000m00m
Millions of people in each five-year age group, men left and women right. Years after 2023 are UN projections (medium variant).

Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection

Births per woman1.542023 · 161st of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age35.82023 · 93rd of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over16%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
4

Technology and space

AI compute share0.3%2025 · 13th of 36 · Epoch AI
5

Climate and hazards

Iceland emitted 3.8 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.

Iceland’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024

0 Mt1 Mt2 Mt3 Mt4 Mt1990199520002005201020152024

Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026

CO2 emissions4Mt2024 · 144th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person9.7t2024 · 27th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 1750172Mt2024 · 135th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress0.02023 · 154th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
6

More figures

Shown only where a source covers Iceland.

Refugees

9,119refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
5from it, abroad, 2025

Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025

Sanctions

No entry on the US, EU or UK lists gives it as an address or nationality.

Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.

Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026

Cyber incidents

4publicly known incidents affecting Iceland, 2000–2024

Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to

Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024

7

All figures

45 measures on this site have a recent figure for Iceland.

GDP$39 bn2025105th of 186World Bank
GDP per person$98,32320255th of 186World Bank
Economic growth1.3%2025152nd of 186World Bank
Inflation4.1%202547th of 169World Bank
Government debt57%202584th of 191IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026
Government budget balance−2.6%202599th of 195IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026
Current account balance−4.0%2025132nd of 194IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026
Unemployment3.6%2025120th of 181World Bank
Reserves, including gold$6.4 bn202487th of 164World Bank
Trade86%202478th of 172World Bank
Foreign investment in−$835 m2025190th of 200World Bank
Remittances received0.7%2024115th of 162World Bank
Population392,4042025176th of 216World Bank
Population with UN projections387,5582023179th of 237UN WPP 2024
Births per woman1.542023161st of 237UN WPP 2024
Median age35.8202393rd of 237UN WPP 2024
Life expectancy82.7202325th of 237UN WPP 2024
Refugees from the country52025200th of 206UNHCR
Refugees and others needing protection, by host9,1192025114th of 176UNHCR
Refugees hosted per 1,000 people23.2202530th of 176UNHCR
Crude oil production0 kb/d2025100th of 214EIA
Oil consumption21 kb/d2024142nd of 212EIA
Natural gas productionPreliminary202497th of 213EIA
Natural gas consumption0.0 bcm2024126th of 213EIA
Electricity generated19 TWh202487th of 193Ember
Low-carbon electricity100%20247th of 193Ember
Electricity from coal0%202482nd of 193Ember
Electricity from wind and solar0.1%2024174th of 193Ember
Wheat imports0.0 Mt2024130th of 180FAOSTAT
Maize imports0.0 Mt2024123rd of 196FAOSTAT
Rice imports0.0 Mt2024178th of 197FAOSTAT
Soybean imports0.0 Mt2024134th of 179FAOSTAT
Potash fertiliser use0.00 Mt2024133rd of 199FAOSTAT
Phosphate fertiliser use0.00 Mt2024125th of 199FAOSTAT
CO2 emissions4 Mt2024144th of 214Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person9.7 t202427th of 213Global Carbon Budget
CO2 emitted since 1750172 Mt2024135th of 214Global Carbon Budget
Water stress0.02023154th of 164WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
Water from abroad0%2023125th of 193FAO AQUASTAT
Military spending, share of GDP0.0%2025148th of 150World Bank
Military spending$02025148th of 150World Bank
Share of documented AI supercomputer power0.3%202513th of 36Epoch AI
People using the internet98%202410th of 182World Bank
ICT service exports$532 m202474th of 162World Bank
ICT service exports, share of service exports7.5%202478th of 162World Bank

Sources for this page

  • World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
  • IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
  • UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
  • UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
  • U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
  • Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
  • FAOSTATWheat imports, Maize imports, Rice imports, Soybean imports, Potash use, Phosphate use, …
  • Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750
  • WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
  • FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
  • Epoch AIAI compute share
  • UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
  • US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions
  • EU financial sanctions listSanctions
  • UK Sanctions ListSanctions
  • EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents

Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure

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