Refugees
1.7 mrefugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
207,175from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Iran
Iran has 92 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $363 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of its potash supply (FAOSTAT, 2024, estimated).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 92 m (2025)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$363billion43rd of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population92million17th of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$3,924130th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP2.1% of GDP53rd of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person8.7t31st of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Iran imports all of its potash supply; it exports oil.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Exporter | Exports 57% of what it producesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025 | India, Uzbekistan (buyers) |
| Natural gas | Low net trade | Exports 5.5% of what it produces PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Azerbaijan → Iran and Belgium → Iran as reported by the exporter | Azerbaijan, Belgium |
| Wheat | Low net trade | Imports 0.2% of the wheat it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Maize | Imports most | Imports 95% of the maize it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Rice | Imports some | Imports 24% of the rice it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Soybeans | Imports most | Imports 93% of the soybeans it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | No partner data from the source |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | No partner data from the source |
| Phosphate | Imports most | Imports all of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | No partner data from the source |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: Russia, 100% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | Russia |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Not reported by this sourceUN Comtrade, 2025 | – |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilExporter
Exports 57% of what it produces
Main partners: India, Uzbekistan (buyers)
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025
- Natural gasLow net trade
Exports 5.5% of what it produces Preliminary
Main partners: Azerbaijan, Belgium
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, Azerbaijan → Iran and Belgium → Iran as reported by the exporter
- WheatLow net trade
Imports 0.2% of the wheat it uses
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- MaizeImports most
Imports 95% of the maize it uses Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceImports some
Imports 24% of the rice it uses Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- SoybeansImports most
Imports 93% of the soybeans it uses
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- PotashImports most
Imports all of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- PhosphateImports most
Imports all of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: No partner data from the source
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: Russia, 100% of imports
Main partners: Russia
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Not reported by this source
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRIyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Iran’s economy produced $363 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth−2.8%2025 · 185th of 186 · World Bank
Inflation42.2%2025 · 1st of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment8.3%2025 · 50th of 181 · World Bank
Trade52% of GDP2024 · 126th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$1.65billion2025 · 80th of 200 · World Bank
People
Iran had 92 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Iran’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman1.702023 · 140th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age32.92023 · 113th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over8.6%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Technology and space
Satellites owned in Iran numbered 13 at the end of 2026.
Climate and hazards
Iran emitted 793 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Iran’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions793Mt2024 · 7th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person8.7t2024 · 31st of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 175021,811Mt2024 · 15th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress4.72023 · 14th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Iran.
Sanctions
2,643entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 1,735, EU 532 and UK 376
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants
US$28.0billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021
Cyber incidents
73publicly known incidents affecting Iran, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
52 measures on this site have a recent figure for Iran.
| GDP | $363 bn | 2025 | 43rd of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $3,924 | 2025 | 130th of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | −2.8% | 2025 | 185th of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 42.2% | 2025 | 1st of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | Estimate | 2025 | 141st of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | Estimate | 2025 | 159th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | 3.3% | 2025 | 50th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 8.3% | 2025 | 50th of 181 | World Bank |
| Trade | 52% | 2024 | 126th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $1.6 bn | 2025 | 80th of 200 | World Bank |
| Population | 92 m | 2025 | 17th of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 91 m | 2023 | 17th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 1.70 | 2023 | 140th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 32.9 | 2023 | 113th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 77.7 | 2023 | 83rd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 207,175 | 2025 | 28th of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 1.7 m | 2025 | 7th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 17.9 | 2025 | 39th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 4,051 kb/d | 2025 | 7th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 1,999 kb/d | 2024 | 11th of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 3rd of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 263.8 bcm | 2024 | 4th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 396 TWh | 2024 | 13th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 7.1% | 2024 | 159th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 0.2% | 2024 | 79th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 0.5% | 2024 | 159th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat production | 16.8 Mt | 2024 | 14th of 123 | FAOSTAT |
| Wheat imports | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 138th of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 0.3 Mt | 2024 | 87th of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 4.9 Mt | 2024 | 13th of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 2.3 Mt | 2024 | 24th of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.7 Mt | 2024 | 22nd of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 0.2 Mt | 2024 | 31st of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 2.5 Mt | 2024 | 13th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.06 Mt | 2024 | 46th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.11 Mt | 2024 | 36th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 793 Mt | 2024 | 7th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 8.7 t | 2024 | 31st of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 21,811 Mt | 2024 | 15th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | −15% | 2023 | 107th of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 4.7 | 2023 | 14th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 7% | 2023 | 95th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 2.1% | 2025 | 53rd of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $7.4 bn | 2025 | 37th of 150 | World Bank |
| Deaths in organised violence | 1,268 | 2025 | 17th of 61 | UCDP |
| Arms imports | 42 TIV m | 2024 | 68th of 117 | SIPRI |
| Arms exports | 80 TIV m | 2025 | 28th of 44 | SIPRI |
| Satellites in orbit | 13 | 2026 | 29th of 81 | Orbital data from CelesTrak |
| Orbital launches | 4 | 2024 | 7th of 8 | Orbital data from CelesTrak |
| People using the internet | 85% | 2024 | 78th of 182 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 2,643 | 2026 | 2nd of 181 | US CSL |
| Chinese loans and grants committed | $46 m | 2021 | 57th of 122 | AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0 |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Trade, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- UCDP Georeferenced Event DatasetConflict deaths
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Arms exports, Dependencies at a glance
- CelesTrak SATCATSatellites in orbit, Orbital launches
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure