Refugees
20,860refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
3,218from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
North Macedonia
North Macedonia has 1.8 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $19 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of the oil it uses (EIA, 2024).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 1.8 m (2025)
- Member of
- NATO (as of 10 Nov 2026)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$19.1billion133rd of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population1.8million151st of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$10,49081st of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP2.0% of GDP62nd of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person3.6t97th of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
North Macedonia imports all of the oil it uses; it exports rice.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Imports most | Imports all of the oil it usesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | No partner data from the source |
| Natural gas | Imports most | Imports all of the gas it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Russia, United Arab Emirates, Bulgaria |
| Wheat | Low net trade | Imports 13% of the wheat it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Serbia |
| Maize | Imports some | Imports 26% of the maize it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Serbia |
| Rice | Exporter | Exports 43% of what it producesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023 | Serbia, Montenegro (buyers) |
| Soybeans | Low net trade | Imports 14% of the soybeans it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, 2023 | Serbia, China, Austria |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | France, Greece, Israel |
| Phosphate | Imports most | Imports all of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Morocco, Bulgaria, Russia |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: United States, 75% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | United States, Türkiye |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: Malaysia, 30% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 | Malaysia, China, Taiwan |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilImports most
Imports all of the oil it uses
Main partners: No partner data from the source
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- Natural gasImports most
Imports all of the gas it uses Preliminary
Main partners: Russia, United Arab Emirates, Bulgaria
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- WheatLow net trade
Imports 13% of the wheat it uses
Main partners: Serbia
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- MaizeImports some
Imports 26% of the maize it uses
Main partners: Serbia
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceExporter
Exports 43% of what it produces
Main partners: Serbia, Montenegro (buyers)
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023
- SoybeansLow net trade
Imports 14% of the soybeans it uses Estimate
Main partners: Serbia, China, Austria
FAOSTAT, 2023
- PotashImports most
Imports all of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: France, Greece, Israel
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- PhosphateImports most
Imports all of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: Morocco, Bulgaria, Russia
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: United States, 75% of imports
Main partners: United States, Türkiye
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: Malaysia, 30% of imports
Main partners: Malaysia, China, Taiwan
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRI; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
North Macedonia’s economy produced $19 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth3.5%2025 · 89th of 186 · World Bank
Inflation4.1%2025 · 48th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment12.3%2025 · 22nd of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$5.25billion2024 · 94th of 164 · World Bank
Trade136% of GDP2024 · 29th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$676million2025 · 113th of 200 · World Bank
People
North Macedonia had 1.8 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
North Macedonia’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman1.462023 · 179th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age40.32023 · 54th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over19%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Climate and hazards
North Macedonia emitted 6.6 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
North Macedonia’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions7Mt2024 · 127th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person3.6t2024 · 97th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 1750538Mt2024 · 99th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress3.02023 · 47th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers North Macedonia.
Sanctions
11entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 11
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants
US$1.40billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021
Cyber incidents
2publicly known incidents affecting North Macedonia, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
52 measures on this site have a recent figure for North Macedonia.
| GDP | $19 bn | 2025 | 133rd of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $10,490 | 2025 | 81st of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 3.5% | 2025 | 89th of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 4.1% | 2025 | 48th of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 53% | 2025 | 99th of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | −4.0% | 2025 | 137th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | −4.4% | 2025 | 138th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 12.3% | 2025 | 22nd of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $5.3 bn | 2024 | 94th of 164 | World Bank |
| Trade | 136% | 2024 | 29th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $676 m | 2025 | 113th of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 2.7% | 2024 | 68th of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 1.8 m | 2025 | 151st of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 1.8 m | 2023 | 152nd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 1.46 | 2023 | 179th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 40.3 | 2023 | 54th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 77.4 | 2023 | 87th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 3,218 | 2025 | 102nd of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 20,860 | 2025 | 99th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 11.5 | 2025 | 57th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 0 kb/d | 2025 | 100th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 24 kb/d | 2024 | 137th of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 97th of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 0.3 bcm | 2024 | 106th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 6 TWh | 2024 | 120th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 39% | 2024 | 91st of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 37% | 2024 | 22nd of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 17% | 2024 | 46th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat production | 0.2 Mt | 2024 | 71st of 123 | FAOSTAT |
| Wheat imports | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 126th of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 99th of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 101st of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 92nd of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 190th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 94th of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 155th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.00 Mt | 2024 | 110th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.00 Mt | 2024 | 115th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 7 Mt | 2024 | 127th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 3.6 t | 2024 | 97th of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 538 Mt | 2024 | 99th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 3.0 | 2023 | 47th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 16% | 2023 | 73rd of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 2.0% | 2025 | 62nd of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $375 m | 2025 | 108th of 150 | World Bank |
| Arms imports | 9 TIV m | 2025 | 85th of 108 | SIPRI |
| Arms exports | 59 TIV m | 2023 | 24th of 54 | SIPRI |
| People using the internet | 94% | 2024 | 38th of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $683 m | 2024 | 70th of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 22% | 2024 | 21st of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 11 | 2026 | 105th of 181 | US CSL |
| Chinese loans and grants committed | $5 m | 2021 | 94th of 122 | AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0 |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Arms exports, Dependencies at a glance
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
- UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure