Refugees
166,491refugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
215from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Greece
Greece has 10 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $281 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of its potash supply (FAOSTAT, 2024, estimated) and all of the gas it uses (EIA, 2024, preliminary).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 10 m (2025)
- Member of
- European Union, NATO, OECD (as of 10 Nov 2026)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$281billion51st of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population10million93rd of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$26,94847th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP3.0% of GDP28th of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person5.3t61st of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Greece imports all of its potash supply and all of the gas it uses; it exports rice.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Imports most | Imports 95% of the oil it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2025 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Iraq, Kazakhstan, Libya |
| Natural gas | Imports most | Imports all of the gas it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Russia, United States, Azerbaijan |
| Wheat | Imports some | Imports 22% of the wheat it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Bulgaria, Ukraine, Russia |
| Maize | Imports some | Imports 42% of the maize it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Ukraine, Bulgaria, Russia |
| Rice | Exporter | Exports 45% of what it producesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023 | Bulgaria, Italy, Jordan (buyers) |
| Soybeans | Imports most | Imports 99% of the soybeans it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Brazil, Ukraine, Canada |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Germany, Israel, Egypt |
| Phosphate | Low net trade | Exports 11% of what it produces EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Egypt, Tunisia, Germany |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: France, 68% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | France, United States, Italy |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: Germany, 41% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 | Germany, Netherlands, United States |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilImports most
Imports 95% of the oil it uses Preliminary
Main partners: Iraq, Kazakhstan, Libya
EIA, use 2025 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- Natural gasImports most
Imports all of the gas it uses Preliminary
Main partners: Russia, United States, Azerbaijan
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- WheatImports some
Imports 22% of the wheat it uses
Main partners: Bulgaria, Ukraine, Russia
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- MaizeImports some
Imports 42% of the maize it uses
Main partners: Ukraine, Bulgaria, Russia
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceExporter
Exports 45% of what it produces
Main partners: Bulgaria, Italy, Jordan (buyers)
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, exports 2023
- SoybeansImports most
Imports 99% of the soybeans it uses
Main partners: Brazil, Ukraine, Canada
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- PotashImports most
Imports all of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: Germany, Israel, Egypt
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- PhosphateLow net trade
Exports 11% of what it produces Estimate
Main partners: Egypt, Tunisia, Germany
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: France, 68% of imports
Main partners: France, United States, Italy
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: Germany, 41% of imports
Main partners: Germany, Netherlands, United States
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRI; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Greece’s economy produced $281 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth2.1%2025 · 133rd of 186 · World Bank
Inflation2.5%2025 · 93rd of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment8.5%2025 · 45th of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$15.2billion2024 · 68th of 164 · World Bank
Trade90% of GDP2024 · 75th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$13.6billion2025 · 32nd of 200 · World Bank
People
Greece had 10 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Greece’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman1.332023 · 208th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age45.72023 · 12th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over24%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Technology and space
Satellites owned in Greece numbered 25 at the end of 2026.
Climate and hazards
Greece emitted 53.4 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Greece’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions53Mt2024 · 56th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person5.3t2024 · 61st of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 17504,297Mt2024 · 46th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress4.32023 · 19th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Greece.
Sanctions
18entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 17 and UK 1
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Cyber incidents
12publicly known incidents affecting Greece, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
53 measures on this site have a recent figure for Greece.
| GDP | $281 bn | 2025 | 51st of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $26,948 | 2025 | 47th of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 2.1% | 2025 | 133rd of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 2.5% | 2025 | 93rd of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 147% | 2025 | 5th of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | 1.7% | 2025 | 26th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | −5.7% | 2025 | 147th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 8.5% | 2025 | 45th of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $15 bn | 2024 | 68th of 164 | World Bank |
| Trade | 90% | 2024 | 75th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $14 bn | 2025 | 32nd of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 0.2% | 2024 | 136th of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 10 m | 2025 | 93rd of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 10 m | 2023 | 95th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 1.33 | 2023 | 208th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 45.7 | 2023 | 12th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 81.9 | 2023 | 41st of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 215 | 2025 | 159th of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 166,491 | 2025 | 48th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 16.0 | 2025 | 46th of 176 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 1 kb/d | 2025 | 85th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 309 kb/d | 2024 | 42nd of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 96th of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 6.1 bcm | 2024 | 57th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 57 TWh | 2024 | 51st of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 49% | 2024 | 79th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 5.7% | 2024 | 56th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 42% | 2024 | 10th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat production | 1.2 Mt | 2024 | 46th of 123 | FAOSTAT |
| Wheat imports | 1.1 Mt | 2024 | 43rd of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 1.0 Mt | 2024 | 61st of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 0.7 Mt | 2024 | 45th of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 0.2 Mt | 2024 | 61st of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 127th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 79th of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 0.2 Mt | 2024 | 38th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.09 Mt | 2024 | 38th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.06 Mt | 2024 | 51st of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 53 Mt | 2024 | 56th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 5.3 t | 2024 | 61st of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 4,297 Mt | 2024 | 46th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | 29% | 2023 | 49th of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 4.3 | 2023 | 19th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 15% | 2023 | 74th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 3.0% | 2025 | 28th of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $8.4 bn | 2025 | 33rd of 150 | World Bank |
| Arms imports | 575 TIV m | 2025 | 17th of 108 | SIPRI |
| Arms exports | 2 TIV m | 2025 | 39th of 44 | SIPRI |
| Satellites in orbit | 25 | 2026 | 20th of 81 | Orbital data from CelesTrak |
| People using the internet | 86% | 2024 | 74th of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $1.8 bn | 2024 | 54th of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 3.2% | 2024 | 111th of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 18 | 2026 | 93rd of 181 | US CSL |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Arms exports, Dependencies at a glance
- CelesTrak SATCATSatellites in orbit
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure