Refugees
10,183from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Jamaica
Jamaica has 2.8 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $23 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of the gas it uses (EIA, 2024, preliminary).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 2.8 m (2025)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$22.7billion123rd of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population2.8million140th of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$8,00392nd of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP1.4% of GDP90th of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person3.0t112th of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Jamaica imports all of the gas it uses.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Imports most | Imports 95% of the oil it usesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador |
| Natural gas | Imports most | Imports all of the gas it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Nigeria, Trinidad and Tobago, United States |
| Wheat | Not reported by this source | – | |
| Maize | Imports most | Imports 99% of the maize it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | United States, Argentina |
| Rice | Imports most | Imports all of the rice it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Guyana, Suriname, United States |
| Soybeans | Not reported by this source | – | |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports all of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | United States, Dominican Republic, Germany |
| Phosphate | Imports most | Imports all of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | United States, Morocco, Dominican Republic |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: Netherlands, 61% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | Netherlands, United States, Australia |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: United States, 47% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 | United States, China, Taiwan |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilImports most
Imports 95% of the oil it uses
Main partners: Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- Natural gasImports most
Imports all of the gas it uses Preliminary
Main partners: Nigeria, Trinidad and Tobago, United States
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- Wheat
Not reported by this source
- MaizeImports most
Imports 99% of the maize it uses
Main partners: United States, Argentina
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceImports most
Imports all of the rice it uses Estimate
Main partners: Guyana, Suriname, United States
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- Soybeans
Not reported by this source
- PotashImports most
Imports all of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: United States, Dominican Republic, Germany
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- PhosphateImports most
Imports all of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: United States, Morocco, Dominican Republic
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: Netherlands, 61% of imports
Main partners: Netherlands, United States, Australia
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: United States, 47% of imports
Main partners: United States, China, Taiwan
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRI; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Jamaica’s economy produced $23 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth0.1%2025 · 176th of 186 · World Bank
Inflation4.0%2025 · 52nd of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment3.3%2025 · 132nd of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$5.63billion2024 · 90th of 164 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$283million2025 · 132nd of 200 · World Bank
People
Jamaica had 2.8 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Jamaica’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman1.362023 · 203rd of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age31.72023 · 122nd of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over8.6%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Climate and hazards
Jamaica emitted 8.4 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Jamaica’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions8Mt2024 · 116th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person3.0t2024 · 112th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 1750485Mt2024 · 104th of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress0.02023 · 154th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Jamaica.
Sanctions
5entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 5
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants
US$2.60billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021
Cyber incidents
No publicly known incidents affecting Jamaica in EuRepoC’s dataset, 2000–2024.
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted.
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
48 measures on this site have a recent figure for Jamaica.
| GDP | $23 bn | 2025 | 123rd of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $8,003 | 2025 | 92nd of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 0.1% | 2025 | 176th of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 4.0% | 2025 | 52nd of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 66% | 2025 | 61st of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | −2.5% | 2025 | 97th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | 1.5% | 2025 | 65th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 3.3% | 2025 | 132nd of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $5.6 bn | 2024 | 90th of 164 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $283 m | 2025 | 132nd of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 16.2% | 2024 | 17th of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 2.8 m | 2025 | 140th of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 2.8 m | 2023 | 142nd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 1.36 | 2023 | 203rd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 31.7 | 2023 | 122nd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 71.5 | 2023 | 159th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 10,183 | 2025 | 83rd of 206 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 0 kb/d | 2025 | 100th of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 44 kb/d | 2024 | 112th of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 97th of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 0.7 bcm | 2024 | 96th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 5 TWh | 2024 | 130th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 13% | 2024 | 146th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 0% | 2024 | 82nd of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 8.9% | 2024 | 80th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat imports | 0.2 Mt | 2024 | 94th of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 143rd of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 0.3 Mt | 2024 | 57th of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 116th of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.1 Mt | 2024 | 97th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 112th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.00 Mt | 2024 | 141st of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.00 Mt | 2024 | 133rd of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 8 Mt | 2024 | 116th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 3.0 t | 2024 | 112th of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 485 Mt | 2024 | 104th of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | 3.3% | 2023 | 88th of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 0.0 | 2023 | 154th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 0% | 2023 | 125th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 1.4% | 2025 | 90th of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $287 m | 2025 | 111th of 150 | World Bank |
| Deaths in organised violence | 51 | 2024 | 41st of 62 | UCDP |
| Arms imports | 10 TIV m | 2024 | 91st of 117 | SIPRI |
| People using the internet | 90% | 2024 | 55th of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $128 m | 2024 | 98th of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 2.4% | 2024 | 122nd of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 5 | 2026 | 138th of 181 | US CSL |
| Chinese loans and grants committed | $2 m | 2021 | 110th of 122 | AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0 |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, Soybean imports, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- UCDP Georeferenced Event DatasetConflict deaths
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Dependencies at a glance
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
- UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure