Refugees
2.8 mrefugees and others in need of protection hosted, 2025
382,942from it, abroad, 2025
Source: UNHCR Refugee Data Finder2025
Country page · Updated 13 Nov 2026
Colombia
Colombia has 53 m people (World Bank, 2025) and an economy of $457 bn a year (World Bank, 2025). It imports all of the wheat it uses (FAOSTAT, 2024).
Written automatically from the figures on this page.
- Population
- 53 m (2025)
- Member of
- OECD (as of 10 Nov 2026)
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m, which shows who controls an area in practice. Borders shown do not imply endorsement.
- GDPUS$457billion35th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Population53million28th of 216World Bank · 2025
- GDP per personUS$8,56288th of 186World Bank · 2025
- Military, % GDP3.2% of GDP21st of 150World Bank · 2025
- CO2 per person1.8t138th of 213Global Carbon Budget · 2024
Dependencies at a glance
Colombia imports all of the wheat it uses; it exports oil.
Imports mostImports someLow net tradeExporter
| Resource | Dependence | Position | Main partners |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil | Exporter | Exports 54% of what it producesEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025, Colombia → Panama as reported by the exporter; Colombia → United States from EIA’s US crude oil imports | United States, China, Panama (buyers) |
| Natural gas | Imports some | Imports 19% of the gas it uses PreliminaryEIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, United States → Colombia and Trinidad and Tobago → Colombia as reported by the exporter. Not shown: Colombia’s 2025 LNG imports recorded as from Tanzania (0.8 bcm), which Tanzania’s own reports do not show; the true origin is unclear. | United States, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom |
| Wheat | Imports most | Imports all of the wheat it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | Canada, United States, France |
| Maize | Imports most | Imports 82% of the maize it usesFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | United States, Brazil, Argentina |
| Rice | Low net trade | Imports 7.2% of the rice it uses EstimateFAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023 | United States, Peru |
| Soybeans | Imports most | Imports 71% of the soybeans it usesFAOSTAT, 2023 | United States, Brazil |
| Potash | Imports most | Imports 81% of its potash supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | Canada, Germany, Russia |
| Phosphate | Imports most | Imports 75% of its phosphate supply EstimateFAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025 | United States, Russia, China |
| Arms | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: United States, 96% of importsSIPRI, 2021–2025 | United States, Canada |
| Chips | Supplier concentration only | Main supplier: China, 64% of importsUN Comtrade, 2025 | China, United States, Mexico |
Dependence is net imports: imports minus exports, as a share of what the country uses; for potash and phosphate, of its supply (production plus net imports). Arms and chips show supplier concentration only: the main supplier’s share of imports (arms: five-year totals of deliveries in SIPRI’s trend-indicator value, SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons).
- OilExporter
Exports 54% of what it produces
Main partners: United States, China, Panama (buyers)
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, exports 2025, Colombia → Panama as reported by the exporter; Colombia → United States from EIA’s US crude oil imports
- Natural gasImports some
Imports 19% of the gas it uses Preliminary
Main partners: United States, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom
EIA, use 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025, United States → Colombia and Trinidad and Tobago → Colombia as reported by the exporter. Not shown: Colombia’s 2025 LNG imports recorded as from Tanzania (0.8 bcm), which Tanzania’s own reports do not show; the true origin is unclear.
- WheatImports most
Imports all of the wheat it uses
Main partners: Canada, United States, France
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- MaizeImports most
Imports 82% of the maize it uses
Main partners: United States, Brazil, Argentina
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- RiceLow net trade
Imports 7.2% of the rice it uses Estimate
Main partners: United States, Peru
FAOSTAT, use 2024 · FAOSTAT, imports 2023
- SoybeansImports most
Imports 71% of the soybeans it uses
Main partners: United States, Brazil
FAOSTAT, 2023
- PotashImports most
Imports 81% of its potash supply Estimate
Main partners: Canada, Germany, Russia
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- PhosphateImports most
Imports 75% of its phosphate supply Estimate
Main partners: United States, Russia, China
FAOSTAT, supply 2024 · UN Comtrade, imports 2025
- ArmsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: United States, 96% of imports
Main partners: United States, Canada
SIPRI, 2021–2025
- ChipsSupplier concentration only
Main supplier: China, 64% of imports
Main partners: China, United States, Mexico
UN Comtrade, 2025
Source: EIA; FAOSTAT; SIPRI; UN Comtradeyear in each rowUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Dependencies toolMoney and reserves
Colombia’s economy produced $457 bn in 2025.
GDP, 2000–2025
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025Updated 13 Nov 2026
Economic growth2.6%2025 · 118th of 186 · World Bank
Inflation5.1%2025 · 36th of 169 · World Bank
Unemployment8.3%2025 · 51st of 181 · World Bank
ReservesUS$61.9billion2024 · 38th of 164 · World Bank
Trade36% of GDP2024 · 160th of 172 · World Bank
Foreign investment inUS$11.6billion2025 · 35th of 200 · World Bank
People
Colombia had 53 m people in 2025.
Population, 1950–2100
Projection: UN projection, medium variant, after 2023Range between the UN low- and high-fertility scenarios
Source: UN World Population ProspectsUpdated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Colombia’s population by age
1950200020502100
Source: UN World Population Prospects1950–2100Updated 13 Nov 2026Projection
Births per woman1.652023 · 144th of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Median age31.62023 · 123rd of 237 · UN WPP 2024
Aged 65 and over10%2025, Projection, medium variant · UN WPP 2024
Technology and space
Satellites owned in Colombia numbered 1 at the end of 2026.
Climate and hazards
Colombia emitted 92.7 Mt of CO2 from fossil fuels and cement in 2024.
Colombia’s CO2 emissions, million tonnes, 1990–2024
Source: Our World in Data CO21990–2024Updated 13 Nov 2026
CO2 emissions93Mt2024 · 42nd of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 per person1.8t2024 · 138th of 213 · Global Carbon Budget
CO2 since 17503,802Mt2024 · 52nd of 214 · Global Carbon Budget
Water stress0.52023 · 126th of 164 · WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)
More figures
Shown only where a source covers Colombia.
Sanctions
310entries on the US, EU and UK lists give it as an address or nationality: US 307 and UK 3
Counts entries (people, companies, ships and aircraft), not how strict the measures are.
Source: US CSL; EU sanctions list; UK Sanctions ListUpdated 13 Nov 2026
Chinese loans and grants
US$1.63billioncommitted by Chinese state lenders, 2000–2021
Source: AidData Chinese development finance2000–2021
Cyber incidents
18publicly known incidents affecting Colombia, 2000–2024
Counts compare documented incidents, not how often a country is targeted. Who they were attributed to
Source: EuRepoC Global Dataset of Cyber Incidents 1.3.2 (4 Mar 2025), CC BY-NC 4.02000–2024
All figures
55 measures on this site have a recent figure for Colombia.
| GDP | $457 bn | 2025 | 35th of 186 | World Bank |
| GDP per person | $8,562 | 2025 | 88th of 186 | World Bank |
| Economic growth | 2.6% | 2025 | 118th of 186 | World Bank |
| Inflation | 5.1% | 2025 | 36th of 169 | World Bank |
| Government debt | 60% | 2025 | 75th of 191 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Government budget balance | −5.8% | 2025 | 164th of 195 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Current account balance | −2.4% | 2025 | 105th of 194 | IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026 |
| Unemployment | 8.3% | 2025 | 51st of 181 | World Bank |
| Reserves, including gold | $62 bn | 2024 | 38th of 164 | World Bank |
| Trade | 36% | 2024 | 160th of 172 | World Bank |
| Foreign investment in | $12 bn | 2025 | 35th of 200 | World Bank |
| Remittances received | 2.8% | 2024 | 67th of 162 | World Bank |
| Population | 53 m | 2025 | 28th of 216 | World Bank |
| Population with UN projections | 52 m | 2023 | 28th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Births per woman | 1.65 | 2023 | 144th of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Median age | 31.6 | 2023 | 123rd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Life expectancy | 77.7 | 2023 | 82nd of 237 | UN WPP 2024 |
| Refugees from the country | 382,942 | 2025 | 17th of 206 | UNHCR |
| Refugees and others needing protection, by host | 2.8 m | 2025 | 3rd of 176 | UNHCR |
| Refugees hosted per 1,000 people | 53.0 | 2025 | 7th of 176 | UNHCR |
| People displaced inside the country | 7.2 m | 2025 | 2nd of 38 | UNHCR |
| Crude oil production | 746 kb/d | 2025 | 23rd of 214 | EIA |
| Oil consumption | 372 kb/d | 2024 | 40th of 212 | EIA |
| Natural gas production | Preliminary | 2024 | 43rd of 213 | EIA |
| Natural gas consumption | 12.4 bcm | 2024 | 47th of 213 | EIA |
| Electricity generated | 89 TWh | 2024 | 39th of 193 | Ember |
| Low-carbon electricity | 61% | 2024 | 62nd of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from coal | 12% | 2024 | 50th of 193 | Ember |
| Electricity from wind and solar | 4% | 2024 | 115th of 193 | Ember |
| Wheat production | 0.0 Mt | 2024 | 104th of 123 | FAOSTAT |
| Wheat imports | 1.9 Mt | 2024 | 30th of 180 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize production | 1.5 Mt | 2024 | 54th of 169 | FAOSTAT |
| Maize imports | 6.9 Mt | 2024 | 9th of 196 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice production | 1.9 Mt | 2024 | 25th of 135 | FAOSTAT |
| Rice imports | 0.2 Mt | 2024 | 69th of 197 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean production | 0.2 Mt | 2024 | 28th of 108 | FAOSTAT |
| Soybean imports | 0.4 Mt | 2024 | 30th of 179 | FAOSTAT |
| Potash fertiliser use | 0.49 Mt | 2024 | 12th of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| Phosphate fertiliser use | 0.24 Mt | 2024 | 21st of 199 | FAOSTAT |
| CO2 emissions | 93 Mt | 2024 | 42nd of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 per person | 1.8 t | 2024 | 138th of 213 | Global Carbon Budget |
| CO2 emitted since 1750 | 3,802 Mt | 2024 | 52nd of 214 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Net CO2 imports through trade | 16% | 2023 | 70th of 120 | Global Carbon Budget |
| Water stress | 0.5 | 2023 | 126th of 164 | WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0) |
| Water from abroad | 9% | 2023 | 87th of 193 | FAO AQUASTAT |
| Military spending, share of GDP | 3.2% | 2025 | 21st of 150 | World Bank |
| Military spending | $15 bn | 2025 | 28th of 150 | World Bank |
| Deaths in organised violence | 986 | 2025 | 20th of 61 | UCDP |
| Arms imports | 22 TIV m | 2025 | 72nd of 108 | SIPRI |
| Satellites in orbit | 1 | 2026 | 64th of 81 | Orbital data from CelesTrak |
| People using the internet | 79% | 2024 | 101st of 182 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports | $2.1 bn | 2024 | 51st of 162 | World Bank |
| ICT service exports, share of service exports | 12% | 2024 | 47th of 162 | World Bank |
| Sanctions list entries (US, EU, UK) | 310 | 2026 | 16th of 181 | US CSL |
| Chinese loans and grants committed | $103 m | 2021 | 41st of 122 | AidData, Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0 |
Sources for this page
- World Bank IndicatorsGDP, GDP per person, Economic growth, Inflation, Unemployment, Reserves, …
- IMF World Economic Outlook, October 2026Debt, Budget balance, Current account
- UN World Population ProspectsPopulation (UN), Births per woman, Median age, Life expectancy
- UNHCR Refugee Data FinderRefugees from, Refugees hosted, Refugees per 1,000, Internally displaced
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationOil output, Oil use, Gas output, Gas use, Dependencies at a glance
- Ember electricity dataElectricity, Low-carbon electricity, Electricity from coal, Electricity from wind and solar
- FAOSTATWheat production, Wheat imports, Maize production, Maize imports, Rice production, Rice imports, …
- Our World in Data CO2CO2 emissions, CO2 per person, CO2 since 1750, Net CO2 imports through trade
- WRI Aqueduct, accessed on 25 Oct 2026, aqueduct.wri.org (CC BY 4.0)Water stress
- FAO AQUASTATWater from abroad
- UCDP Georeferenced Event DatasetConflict deaths
- SIPRI Arms Transfers DatabaseArms imports, Dependencies at a glance
- CelesTrak SATCATSatellites in orbit
- US Consolidated Screening ListSanctions list entries, Sanctions
- AidData Chinese development financeChinese loans and grants
- UN ComtradeDependencies at a glance
- EU financial sanctions listSanctions
- UK Sanctions ListSanctions
- EuRepoC cyber incidentsCyber incidents
Page last updated 13 Nov 2026How we measure