Rare earths mine production
China mines 69% of the world’s rare earths; the top three countries mine 90%.
Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 20262025 figures, estimatedUpdated 25 Oct 2026Estimate
Map. Arrow keys move the map, plus and minus zoom, N and P step through the countries with data, Enter opens the one shown, Escape clears the selection.
Loading the map…
The map could not load.
Borders show who controls an area in practice, as drawn by Natural Earth. Disputed borders are dashed. Borders shown do not imply endorsement. How we treat borders
Summary
The world mined about 390,000 tonnes of rare earths (rare-earth-oxide equivalent) in 2025, 2.6% more than in 2024, according to USGS estimates. China mined 270,000 t (69%), the United States 51,000 t (13%), Australia 29,000 t (7.4%); together they mined 90%. Myanmar and Thailand follow with 5.6% and 1.2%.
These figures say where rare earths are mined; refining and trade are not covered here.
Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 20262024 (estimated) and 2025 (estimated)Updated 25 Oct 2026
All producers
| China1 | 270,000e | 69.2% | 270,000e | 0% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 51,000e | 13.1% | 45,500 | +12% |
| Australia | 29,000e | 7.4% | 29,000e | 0% |
| Myanmar2 | 22,000e | 5.6% | 27,000e | −19% |
| Thailand2 | 4,800e | 1.2% | 2,100e | +129% |
| India | 2,900e | 0.7% | 2,900e | 0% |
| Madagascar2 | 2,700e | 0.7% | 1,400e | +93% |
| Russia | 2,600e | 0.7% | 2,600e | 0% |
| Brazil | 2,000e | 0.5% | 560e | +257% |
| Nigeria | 1,500e | 0.4% | 1,500e | 0% |
| Vietnam2 | 150e | <0.1% | 300e | −50% |
| Malaysia2 | 110e | <0.1% | 140e | −21% |
| World | 390,000 | 100% | 380,000 | +3% |
Notes from USGS
- 2024: Production quota; does not include undocumented production.
- Estimated based on reported import data for China. Source: Trade Data Monitor Inc.
Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 20262024 (estimated) and 2025 (estimated)Updated 25 Oct 2026