OPEC: membership history 1960–2026
OPEC began in 1960 with 5 members. In 2026 it had 11 members. Membership changed in 19 years, including the 1960 founding.
Source: The groupings’ own member lists and histories, 10 Nov 20261960–2026
Qatar, Indonesia, Libya, the United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador and Gabon joined between 1961 and 1975; Angola, Equatorial Guinea and Republic of the Congo joined in 2007, 2017 and 2018. Ecuador left in 1992, rejoined in 2007 and left in 2020; Gabon left in 1995 and rejoined in 2016. Indonesia suspended its membership in 2009, rejoined in January 2016 and suspended it again in November 2016. Qatar left in 2019, Angola in 2024 and the United Arab Emirates on 1 May 2026.
Drafted with AI from cited sources and reviewed by the editorMap. Arrow keys move the map, plus and minus zoom, N and P step through the countries with data, Enter opens the one shown, Escape clears the selection.
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Borders show who controls an area in practice, as drawn by Natural Earth. Disputed borders are dashed. Borders shown do not imply endorsement. How we treat borders
Timeline
| 1960 | Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela | – | 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1961 | Qatar | – | 6 | |
| 1962 | Indonesia and Libya | – | 8 | |
| 1967 | United Arab Emirates | – | 9 | |
| 1969 | Algeria | – | 10 | |
| 1971 | Nigeria | – | 11 | |
| 1973 | Ecuador | – | 12 | |
| 1975 | Gabon | – | 13 | |
| 1992 | – | Ecuador | 12 | |
| 1995 | – | Gabon | 11 | |
| 2007 | Ecuador and Angola | – | 13 | |
| 2009 | – | Indonesia | 12 | |
| 2016 | Gabon and Indonesia | Indonesia | 13 | Indonesia rejoined in January and suspended its membership again in November. |
| 2017 | Equatorial Guinea | – | 14 | |
| 2018 | Republic of the Congo | – | 15 | |
| 2019 | – | Qatar | 14 | |
| 2020 | – | Ecuador | 13 | |
| 2024 | – | Angola | 12 | Angola left. |
| 2026 | – | United Arab Emirates | 11 | The United Arab Emirates left OPEC and OPEC+ on 1 May 2026, as it announced on 28 April 2026. |
Source: The groupings’ own member lists and histories, 10 Nov 20261960–2026
Every country that has been a member
| Iran | 1960 | 1960– |
|---|---|---|
| Iraq | 1960 | 1960– |
| Kuwait | 1960 | 1960– |
| Saudi Arabia | 1960 | 1960– |
| Venezuela | 1960 | 1960– |
| Qatar | 1961 | 1961–2019 |
| Indonesia | 1962 | 1962–2009, 2016 |
| Libya | 1962 | 1962– |
| United Arab Emirates | 1967 | 1967–2026 |
| Algeria | 1969 | 1969– |
| Nigeria | 1971 | 1971– |
| Ecuador | 1973 | 1973–1992, 2007–2020 |
| Gabon | 1975 | 1975–1995, 2016– |
| Angola | 2007 | 2007–2024 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 2017 | 2017– |
| Republic of the Congo | 2018 | 2018– |