China and Russia
China and Russia side by side on the same measures, each figure with its source and year.
Key figures
| Measure | Chinablue | Russiaorange | Source and year |
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP | US$19.50 trillionHigher | US$2.56 trillion | World Bank, 2025 |
| Population | 1.41 billionHigher | 144 million | World Bank, 2025 |
| GDP per person | US$13,862 | US$17,847Higher | World Bank, 2025 |
| Economic growth% | 5.0Higher | 1.0 | World Bank, 2025 |
| Inflation% | 0.1 | 8.7Higher | World Bank, 2025 |
| Reserves, including gold | US$3.46 trillionHigher | US$608 billion | World Bank, 2024 |
| Military spending, share of GDP% of GDP | 1.7 | 7.5Higher | World Bank, 2025 |
| Military spending | US$336 billionHigher | US$190 billion | World Bank, 2025. In US dollars of each year, not adjusted for inflation. |
| Arms exportsTIV m | 880 | 1,886Higher | SIPRI, 2025. Trend-indicator value (TIV): SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons. |
| Arms importsTIV m | 207Higher | 129 | SIPRI, 2025. Trend-indicator value (TIV): SIPRI’s measure of military capability delivered, not price or number of weapons. |
| CO2 emissionsMt | 12,289Higher | 1,781 | Global Carbon Budget, 2024 |
| CO2 per persont | 8.7 | 12.3Higher | Global Carbon Budget, 2024 |
| Satellites in orbit | 1,714 | 1,714 | Orbital data from CelesTrak, 2026 |
| Orbital launches | 75Higher | 14 | Orbital data from CelesTrak, 2026 |
| Share of documented AI supercomputer power% | 6.9Higher | 0.1 | Epoch AI, 2025 |
| Life expectancy | 78.0Higher | 73.2 | UN WPP 2024, 2023 |
| Median age | 39.1 | 39.5Higher | UN WPP 2024, 2023 |
- GDP
- ChinaUS$19.50 trillionHigher
- RussiaUS$2.56 trillion
- Population
- China1.41 billionHigher
- Russia144 million
- GDP per person
- ChinaUS$13,862
- RussiaUS$17,847Higher
- Economic growth%
- China5.0Higher
- Russia1.0
- Inflation%
- China0.1
- Russia8.7Higher
- Reserves, including gold
- ChinaUS$3.46 trillionHigher
- RussiaUS$608 billion
- Military spending, share of GDP% of GDP
- China1.7
- Russia7.5Higher
- Military spending
- ChinaUS$336 billionHigher
- RussiaUS$190 billion
- Arms exportsTIV m
- China880
- Russia1,886Higher
- Arms importsTIV m
- China207Higher
- Russia129
- CO2 emissionsMt
- China12,289Higher
- Russia1,781
- CO2 per persont
- China8.7
- Russia12.3Higher
- Satellites in orbit
- China1,714
- Russia1,714
- Orbital launches
- China75Higher
- Russia14
- Share of documented AI supercomputer power%
- China6.9Higher
- Russia0.1
- Life expectancy
- China78.0Higher
- Russia73.2
- Median age
- China39.1
- Russia39.5Higher
GDP: over time
Both on the same scale.
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025
Military spending, share of GDP: over time
Both on the same scale.
Source: World Bank Indicators2000–2025
Share of world production
Share of world mine production (primary production for gallium) in 2025, for minerals where either has at least 1%.
- Gallium (primary production)
- China99%
- Russia0.7%
- Tungsten
- China79%
- Russia2.3%
- Natural graphite
- China78%
- Russia1.4%
- Rare earths
- China69%
- Russia0.7%
- Palladium
- ChinaNot listed by USGS
- Russia43%
- Lithium
- China21%
- RussiaNot listed by USGS
- Nickel
- China3.1%
- Russia5.1%
- Cobalt
- China0.6%
- Russia2.4%
– Not listed by USGS. USGS names the largest producers of each mineral, so a country it does not list has no published share, which is not the same as zero.
Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries2025, estimatedEstimate